Table 3 Factors associated with concurrent stunting and overweight/obesity among under five children in sub-Saharan Africa

Sex of child

Male

1

1

1

1

Female

0.95 (0.83, 1.11)

0.97 (0.83, 1.13)

096 (0.82, 1.13)

0.96 (0.82, 1.13)

Age of child (months)

< 12

1

1

1

1

12–23

0.42 (0.33, 0.54)

0.45 (0.35, 0.59)

0.45(0.34, 0.58)

0.45 (0.34, 0.59) **

24–35

0.43 (0.34, 0.53)

0.42 (0.32, 0.54)

0.41 (0.32, 0.53)

0.41 (0.32, 0.52) **

36–59

0.51 (0.41, 0.64)

0.55 (0.43, 0.70)

0.54 (0.43, 0.69)

055 (0.43, 0.70) **

Birth interval

< 36 months

1

1

1

1

>=36 months

1.03 (0.89, 1.19)

0.97 (0.82, 1.15)

0.99 (0.84, 1.17)

0.98 (0.83, 1.13)

Breast feeding

No

1

1

1

1

Yes

1.05 (0.87, 1.26)

0.97 (0.79, 1.20)

0.96 (0.78, 1.18)

0.96 (0.78, 1.18)

Child size at birth

Normal

1

1

1

1

Larger

1.10 (0.91, 1.31)

1.09 (0.90, 0.33)

1.09 (0.90, 1.33)

1.09 (0.90, 1.33)

Small

1.03 (0.83, 1.26)

1.14 (0.90, 1.43)

1.13 (0.90, 1.33)

1.11 (0.88, 1.40)

Ever had vaccine

Yes

1

1

1

1

No

1.26 (1.02, 1.56)

1.29 (1.03, 1.63)

1.28 (1.02, 1.61)

1.25 (1.09, 1.54) *

Vaccinated for measles

Yes

1

1

1

1

No

1.04 (0.84, 129)

1.05 (0.83, 1.32)

1.03 (0.82, 1.29)

1.06 (0.84,1.33)

VA supplementation

Yes

1

1

1

1

No

1.05 (0.89, 1.23)

1.05 (0.88,1.26)

1.04 (0.87, 1.24)

1.03 (0.86, 1.23)

Maternal age

15–24

1

1

1

25–34

0.76 (0.63, 0.92)

0.76 (0.62, 0.92)

0.75 (0.61, 0.91) **

35–59

0.82 (0.64, 1.03)

0.80 (0.62, 1.02)

0.78 (0.60, 1.03)

Maternal stature

Normal/tall

1

1

1

Short

1.2 (1.01, 1.45)

1.19 (0.99, 1.42)

1.14 (0.94, 1.34)

Marital status

In union

1

1

1

Not in union

0.87 (0.70, 1.07)

0.84 (0.68, 1.05)

0.82 (0.66, 1.01)

Maternal BMI

Underweight

1

1

1

Normal

1.25 (0.94, 1.68)

1.27 (0.95, 1.70)

1.28 (0.95, 1.71)

Overweight/obese

1.49 (1.04, 2.13)

1.60 (1.11, 2.28)

1.63 (1.14, 2.34) **

Maternal educational status

No education

1

1

1

Primary

1.17 (0.95, 1.43)

1.21 (0.98, 1.47)

1.09 (0.88, 1.33)

Secondary & above

1.22 (0.95, 1.56)

1.38 (1.05, 1.81)

1.29 (0.98, 1.70)

Family size

≤ 5

1

1

> 5

1.05 (0.88, 1.25)

1.08 (0.90, 1.29)

Media exposure

No

1

1

Yes

0.93 (0.77, 1.12)

0.96 (0.79, 1.17)

Wealth index

Poorest

1

1

Poorer

0.87 (0.71, 1.08)

0.88 (0.71, 1.09)

Middle

0.83 (0.65, 1.06)

0.84 (0.66,1.08)

Richer

0.83 (0.64, 1.08)

0.85 (0.65, 1.11)

Richest

0.65 (0.45, 0.94)

0.68 (0.45, 1.02)

Residence

Urban

1

Rural

1.07 (0.82, 1.40)

Sub-regions of SSA

Central Africa

1

East Africa

1.19 (0.96, 1.14)

Southern Africa

1.61 (0.92, 2.81)

West Africa

0.77 (0.61, 0.96) *

Model comparation

ICC (%)

5.35%

10.03%

11.34%

11.3%

10.87%

LL

-19,019

-5389

-4722

-4715

-4700

Deviance

38,038

10,778

9445

9430

9401