Table 3 Overall differences in WWE outcomes from baseline to post-program, and results stratified by baseline STEADI fall risk stratification

STEADI Functional Assessment Score Differences

4-Stage Balance Test (seconds)

0.07 ± 5.8

0.01

0.936

 Low fall risk (n = 18)

-0.83 ± 6.2

-0.13

0.574

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 21)

1.04 ± 5.6

0.19

0.401

Timed up-and-go (seconds)

-0.06 ± 1.5

0.04

0.791

 Low fall risk (n = 18)

0.37 ± 1.3

-0.29

0.229

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 21)

-0.44 ± 1.6

0.27

0.243

30-second Chair Stand (repetitions)

0.78 ± 2.5

0.31

0.056

 Low fall risk (n = 18)

0.61 ± 2.2

0.27

0.260

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 21)

1.00 ± 2.9

0.34

0.132

Additional Assessments

2-minute Step Test (steps)

5.31 ± 20.5

0.26

0.119

 Low fall risk (n = 18)

6.83 ± 25.4

0.27

0.269

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 20)

4.89 ± 15.1

0.32

0.188

Normal Gait Speed (m/s)

0.01 ± 0.13

0.09

0.531

 Low fall risk (n = 18)

-0.001 ± 0.13

-0.01

0.967

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 21)

0.02 ± 0.14

0.18

0.407

Fear of Falling

-1.2 ± 5.9

0.13

0.240

 Low fall risk (n = 17)

0.31 ± 5.7

-0.06

0.828

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 22)

-2.72 ± 6.1

0.27

0.232

Physical Activity

Self-Reported MVPA (mins)

294.8 ± 478.3

0.56

0.004

 Low fall risk (n = 12)

527.5 ± 457.0

1.15

0.002

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 14)

50.76 ± 391.9

0.04

0.858

Self-Reported Walking (mins)

243.2 ± 450.9

0.54

0.020

 Low fall risk (n = 10)

286.50 ± 431.8

0.66

0.065

 Elevated Fall Risk (n = 12)

207.08 ± 482.1

0.43

0.165