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Table 1 Characteristics of study subjects and patients by viral cause of acute respiratory infection among the Egyptian pilgrims returning from 2022 Hajj

From: Comparative analysis of COVID-19 and influenza prevalence among Egyptian pilgrims returning from Hajj and Umrah in 2022: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and genomic sequencing

 

All subjects (n = 3,862)

Positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 384)

Positive for influenza viruses (n = 51)

Negative for both viruses (n = 3,426)*

P value

Arrival date

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

12 July

126

3.3

31

24.6

2

1.6

93

73.8

 

13 July

290

7.5

67

23.1

3

1.0

220

75.7

< 0.001

14 July

1050

27.2

121

11.5

6

0.6

923

87.9

15 July

589

15.3

51

8.7

8

1.4

530

90.0

16 July

541

14.0

49

9.1

0

0.0

492

90.9

17 July

412

10.7

26

6.3

11

2.7

375

91.0

18 July

310

8.0

16

5.2

8

2.6

286

92.3

19 July

404

10.4

16

4.0

10

2.5

377

93.6

20 July

140

3.6

7

5.0

3

2.1

130

92.9

Arrival airport

         

Cairo

3,220

83.4

323

10.0

44

1.4

2,852

88.6

0.778

Borg Elarab

642

16.6

61

9.5

7

1.1

574

89.4

Mean age years

50.5 ± 47

 

49.9 ± 10

 

49.1 ± 13

 

50.6 ± 50

 

0.491

Age groups

      

1–14

7

0.2

1

14.3

0

0.0

6

85.7

0.323

15–35

366

9.5

36

9.8

6

1.6

324

88.6

36–50

1451

37.6

143

9.8

22

1.6

1286

88.6

51–65

1744

45.2

179

10.3

19

1.1

1546

88.6

> 65

81

2.1

8

9.9

4

4.9

69

85.2

Missing

212

5.5

17

8.0

0

0.0

195

92.0

Gender

Males

2,249

58.2

226

10.0

35

1.6

1,988

88.4

0.303

Females

1,612

41.8

158

9.8

16

1.0

1,438

89.2

Region

      

Lower Egypt

1,591

41.2

133

8.4

18

1.1

1,440

90.5

0.015

Urban governorates

1,247

32.2

148

11.9

12

1.0

1,087

87.2

Upper Egypt

593

15.4

53

8.9

13

2.2

527

88.9

Frontier

116

3.0

13

11.2

2

1.7

101

87.1

Missing

314

8.1

37

11.8

6

1.9

271

86.3

Symptoms

Symptomatic within 10 days before arrival

165

4.3%

23

6.0%

8

15.7%

134

3.9%

< 0.001

Symptoms after arrival

20

0.5%

16

4.2%

4

7.8%

0

0.0%

Unable to reach

153

4.0%

138

35.9%

15

29.4%

0

0.0%

No symptoms reported

3524

91.2%

207

53.9%

24

47.1%

3292

96.1%

Types of symptoms

         

Fever

10

0.3

0

0.0

1

2.0

9

0.3

0.035

Cough

102

2.6

17

4.4

4

7.8

81

2.4

0.006

Rhinorrhea

71

1.8

6

1.6

3

5.9

62

1.8

0.091

Sore throat

40

1.0

3

0.8

2

3.9

35

1.0

0.111

Dyspnea

11

0.3

2

0.5

1

2.0

8

0.2

0.059

Contacted ARI case

      

Yes

100

2.6

10

10.0

1

1.0

89

89.0

0.951

No

2,940

76.1

278

9.5

37

1.3

2,624

89.2

Not sure

822

21.3

96

11.7

13

1.6

713

86.7

  1. *One patient had SARS-CoV-2/influenza coinfection was excluded from the comparison
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