Menstrual and reproductive factors associated with risk of breast cancer among Indian women: a cross sectional study from National Family Health Survey, 2019-21

Table 2 Menstrual and reproductive factors associated with screening of breast cancer among women age 30–49 years (Per 100,000 women) in India

Background characteristics	Screening Breast cancer	Without Screening Breast cancer	λ² (P)	Background characteristics	Screening Breast cancer	Without Screening Breast cancer	λ² (P)
Age of menarche				Maternal age
< 13	180	99,820	10.35	30–34	530	99,470
13–15	190	99,810	P = 0.006	35–39	600	99,400	34.69
> 15	330	99,670		40–44	740	99,260	P < 0.001
Menstruation status				45–49	690	99,310
Irregular	710	99,290	2.07	Age at 1st birth
Regular	600	99,400	P = 0.047	< 25	600	99,400
Menopause started				25–29	740	99,260	36.74
No	640	99,360	7.26	> 29	950	99,050	P < 0.001
Yes	510	99,490	P = 0.007	Contraceptive pill used
No of. Live birth				No	370	99,630	48.58
0	650	99,350		Yes	570	99,430	P < 0.001
1	780	99,220	192.55	Duration of breast-feeding (Months)
2	820	99,180	P < 0.001	< 12	570	99,430
3	520	99,480		12–24	570	99,430	8.78
> 3	360	99,640		> 24	380	99,620	P = 0.012
No. of Pregnancy				Body Mass Index (BMI)
1	1640	98,360		< 18.5	440	99,560
2	950	99,050	2.96	18.5–24.9	490	99,510	259.76
3	450	99,550	P = 0.397	> 25	950	99,050	P < 0.001
> 3	750	99,250		Smoking status
Terminated pregnancy				No	340	99,660	3.78
Abortion	500	99,500		Yes	640	99,370	P = 0.151
Miscarriage	900	99,100	7.24
Still birth	250	99,750	P < 0.001

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