From: Do mass media campaigns improve physical activity? a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author (Year) | Bauman (A) (2003) [14] | Bauman (B) (2003) [15] | Craig (2007) [16] | Hillsdon (2001) [17] | Hopman-Rock (2005) [18] | Lorentzen (2007) [19] | Reger-Nash (2005) [20] | Reger-Nash (2006) [22] | Reger-Nash (2008) [21] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Australia | New Zealand | Canada | UK | Netherlands | Norway | US | US | US |
Campaign name | Active Australia Campaign | Push Play Campaign | Canada On the Move | Active For Life | Nether-lands On the Move | Romsas in Motion | Wheeling Walks | BC Walks | WV Walks |
Campaign year | 1997-1999 | 1999-2000 | 2004 | 1996-1998 | 2000 | 2000-2003 | 2001-2002 | 2003 | 2005 |
Evaluation design | Before-After, comparing the state with the rest of Australia | Before-After | Before-After | Cohort | Cohort | Before-After Study, with comparison town | Before-after surveys: with comparison town | Before-after surveys Broome County compared to Chautauqua | Before-after: NC West Virginia compared to Cabell County |
Target population; Mean BMI | 18-75 year olds; | ≥18 year olds; | 18+ year olds; 28.5 kg/m2 | 16-74 year olds; | ≥35 year olds; | 30 - 67 year olds; 27.1 kg/m2 | 50-65 year olds, sedentary at baseline; 28.0 kg/m2 | 40-65 year olds, insufficiently active adults; 28.9 kg/m2 | 40-65 year olds, insufficiently active adults |
Overall sample Size | 5015 | 665 | 9935 | 3189 | 988 | 2644 | 1472 | 949 | 1834 |
Intervention sample size | 2009 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 719 | 575 | 1223 |
Control sample size | 3006 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 753 | 374 | 611 |
Age (mean/ median, in years) | 44.4 | 45.9 | 42.5 | 47.2 | 56.0 | 49.0 | 57.0 | 52.4 | NR |
Proportion of males, % | 44.3 | 45.9 | 33 | 42.5 | 31 | 44.5 | 33 | 31 | 33 |
Duration of intervention | 8 weeks | 24 months (in phases) | 12 months | 3 years | 7 months | 18 weeks in phases | 12 months | 8 weeks | 8 weeks |
Duration of follow-up | 2 years | 3 years | 1 year | 3 years | 7 months | 3 years | 2 years | 8 weeks | 8 weeks |
Scope | Statewide | National | National | National | National | Local | Local | Local | Regional |
Coverage | 65% | 61-88% | 11-31% | 38% | 54% | 46% | 90% | 78% | 87% |
Campaign description | 200 showings of TV ads; 6 weeks of print ads in newspapers, magazines, mail-outs to professionals, counseling kits, marketing of campaign merchandise; Campaign approach was to make physical activity (PA) a social norm | TV, Radio, Print and Outdoor; National Push Play Day was implemented; Campaign approach was to make physical activity (PA) a social norm | Electronic & Print; 2 million free pedometers distributed free; Campaign approach was to provide incentives for PA | TV & Print Magazine ads. Road-shows, workplace promotions, competitions, media advocacy; Campaign approach was for celebrities to encourage PA in the population | TV Show broadcast for 15 mins twice daily on week-days; Campaign approach was the use of risk message and to make PA a social norm | Outdoor ads especially leaflets, local meetings, stands, local television, radio, newspapers, posters. Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm | 1164 TV ads, and 14 quarter-page newspaper ads; radio and cable TV as well Others: a worksite walking challenge, website, physician prescriptions, community presentations about the health benefits of walking Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm | 953 TV ads, 1645 radio ads, 10 quarter-page ads in newspapers, 1314 cable TV ads. Participants encouraged to log their PA on a website; was to make PA a social norm | 356 TV ads, 1763 radio ads, 39 1/8 page newspaper ads, 4256 cable TV ads Intergenerational walk to foster social networks for regular walking; Residents to log their PA on web site; Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm |
Quality Score (out of 5) | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 |