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Table 2 Characteristics of the nine selected studies

From: Do mass media campaigns improve physical activity? a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author (Year)

Bauman (A) (2003) [14]

Bauman (B) (2003) [15]

Craig (2007) [16]

Hillsdon (2001) [17]

Hopman-Rock (2005) [18]

Lorentzen (2007) [19]

Reger-Nash (2005) [20]

Reger-Nash (2006) [22]

Reger-Nash (2008) [21]

Country

Australia

New Zealand

Canada

UK

Netherlands

Norway

US

US

US

Campaign name

Active Australia Campaign

Push Play Campaign

Canada On the Move

Active For Life

Nether-lands On the Move

Romsas in Motion

Wheeling Walks

BC Walks

WV Walks

Campaign year

1997-1999

1999-2000

2004

1996-1998

2000

2000-2003

2001-2002

2003

2005

Evaluation design

Before-After, comparing the state with the rest of Australia

Before-After

Before-After

Cohort

Cohort

Before-After Study, with comparison town

Before-after surveys: with comparison town

Before-after surveys Broome County compared to Chautauqua

Before-after: NC West Virginia compared to Cabell County

Target population; Mean BMI

18-75 year olds;

≥18 year olds;

18+ year olds; 28.5 kg/m2

16-74 year olds;

≥35 year olds;

30 - 67 year olds; 27.1 kg/m2

50-65 year olds, sedentary at baseline; 28.0 kg/m2

40-65 year olds, insufficiently active adults; 28.9 kg/m2

40-65 year olds, insufficiently active adults

Overall sample Size

5015

665

9935

3189

988

2644

1472

949

1834

Intervention sample size

2009

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

719

575

1223

Control sample size

3006

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

753

374

611

Age (mean/ median, in years)

44.4

45.9

42.5

47.2

56.0

49.0

57.0

52.4

NR

Proportion of males, %

44.3

45.9

33

42.5

31

44.5

33

31

33

Duration of intervention

8 weeks

24 months (in phases)

12 months

3 years

7 months

18 weeks in phases

12 months

8 weeks

8 weeks

Duration of follow-up

2 years

3 years

1 year

3 years

7 months

3 years

2 years

8 weeks

8 weeks

Scope

Statewide

National

National

National

National

Local

Local

Local

Regional

Coverage

65%

61-88%

11-31%

38%

54%

46%

90%

78%

87%

Campaign description

200 showings of TV ads;

6 weeks of print ads in newspapers, magazines, mail-outs to professionals, counseling kits, marketing of campaign merchandise; Campaign approach was to make physical activity (PA) a social norm

TV, Radio, Print and Outdoor;

National Push Play Day was implemented; Campaign approach was to make physical activity (PA) a social norm

Electronic & Print;

2 million free pedometers distributed free; Campaign approach was to provide incentives for PA

TV & Print

Magazine ads.

Road-shows, workplace promotions, competitions, media advocacy; Campaign approach was for celebrities to encourage PA in the population

TV Show broadcast for 15 mins twice daily on week-days; Campaign approach was the use of risk message and to make PA a social norm

Outdoor ads especially leaflets, local meetings, stands, local television, radio, newspapers, posters. Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm

1164 TV ads, and 14 quarter-page newspaper ads; radio and cable TV as well

Others: a worksite walking challenge, website, physician prescriptions, community presentations about the health benefits of walking

Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm

953 TV ads, 1645 radio ads, 10 quarter-page ads in newspapers, 1314 cable TV ads.

Participants encouraged to log their PA on a website; was to make PA a social norm

356 TV ads, 1763 radio ads, 39 1/8 page newspaper ads, 4256 cable TV ads

Intergenerational walk to foster social networks for regular walking; Residents to log their PA on web site;

Campaign approach was to make PA a social norm

Quality Score (out of 5)

4

2

3

2

2

2

4

4

4

  1. NR: Not reported