Table 1 Selected characteristics of the survey by participating universities in the United Kingdom (Academic year 2007–2008)
Whole sample | Chester | Gloucestershire | Ulster | Swansea | Plymouth | Oxford Brookes | Bath spa | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 3706 | N = 993 | N = 970 | N = 475 | N = 406 | N = 169 | N = 208 | N = 429 | ||
Sociodemographic variables | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
Gender (Female) | 2699 (77.9) | 757 (86.9) | 512 (56.4) | 425 (91.8) | 367 (92.2) | 108 (63.9) | 174 (89.2) | 356 (77.4) | <0.001 |
Age [year (SD)] | 24.9 (8.6) | 26 (9.2) | 23.4 (8.4) | 25.2 (7.7) | 25 (7.4) | 24.6 (7.2) | 31.6 (10.5) | 22.2 (7) | <0.001 |
Year of study | <0.001 | ||||||||
1st year | 1491 (42.6) | 552 (61.6) | 311 (34.5) | 104 (22.5) | 190 (47.7) | 32 (18.9) | 45 (22.4) | 257 (54.1) | |
2nd year | 1095 (31.3) | 200 (22.3) | 330 (36.6) | 204 (44.2) | 94 (23.6) | 59 (34.9) | 97 (48.3) | 111 (23.4) | |
3rd year | 655 (18.7) | 74 (8.3) | 157 (17.4) | 151 (32.7) | 88 (22.1) | 73 (43.2) | 6 (3) | 106 (22.3) | |
≥ 4th year | 262 (1.3) | 70 (7.8) | 104 (11.5) | 3 (0.6) | 26 (6.5) | 5 (3) | 53 (26.4) | 1 (0.2) | |
Have intimate partner | 1748 (55.8) | 429 (55.7) | 438 (52.2) | 251 (62.3) | 211 (58.9) | 101 (63.1) | 83 (52.9) | 235 (53.0) | <0.01 |
Accommodation with parents | 890 (24) | 243 (24.5) | 147 (15.2) | 203 (42.7) | 113 (27.8) | 22 (13) | 42 (20.2) | 120 (24.7) | <0.001 |
Parental education | <0.001 | ||||||||
Both parents low | 2448 (78.4) | 542 (70.6) | 595 (74) | 340 (80) | 309 (87.3) | 130 (83.9) | 151 (83.9) | 381 (87.2) | |
Mother high, father low | 209 (6.7) | 78 (10.2) | 53 (6.6) | 43 (10.1) | 15 (4.2) | 1 (0.6) | 4 (2.2) | 15 (3.4) | |
Father high, mother low | 281 (9.0) | 87 (11.3) | 89 (11.1) | 20 (4.7) | 23 (6.5) | 18 (11.6) | 18 (10.0) | 26 (5.9) | |
Both parents high | 185 (5.9) | 61 (7.9) | 67 (8.3) | 22 (5.2) | 7 (2.0) | 6 (3.9) | 7 (3.9) | 15 (3.4) | |
Perceived income sufficiency* | 1423 (42.5) | 314 (35.7) | 430 (51.9) | 111 (258) | 147 (37.2) | 73 (44.8) | 106 (53.8) | 242 (53.3) | <0.001 |
Alcohol consumption variables | |||||||||
High length of time of drinking** | 1271 (37.9) | 363 (40.1) | 352 (40.6) | 146 (33.6) | 164 (44.0) | 49 (30.1) | 44 (25.1) | 153 (35.3) | <0.001 |
High amount of drinking*** | 1535 (46.5) | 414 (47.0) | 466 (54.4) | 195 (45.1) | 178 (48.5) | 60 (37.5) | 48 (26.8) | 174 (40.6) | <0.001 |
High frequency of drinking | 1508 (42.7) | 341 (38) | 525 (56.6) | 129 (27.7) | 145 (36.3) | 67 (39.9) | 89 (43.6) | 212 (45.2) | <0.001 |
Heavy episodic drinking | 2136 (67.2) | 548 (65.6) | 612 (74.7) | 291 (69.8) | 232 (65) | 94 (59.1) | 81 (47.9) | 278 (66) | <0.001 |
Problem drinking | 714 (22.4) | 162 (19.8) | 204 (24.3) | 122 (28.8) | 52 (13.5) | 21 (25.9) | 39 (20.5) | 114 (25.4) | <0.001 |
Possible alcohol dependence | 279 (8.8) | 54 (6.6) | 88 (10.5) | 45 (10.6) | 20 (5.2) | 6 (7.4) | 15 (7.9) | 51 (11.4) | <0.01 |
Educational (academic achievement) variables | |||||||||
High importance to achieve good grades | 2204 (63.3) | 549 (62.7) | 575 (62.8) | 330 (71.3) | 237 (59.4) | 107 (64.5) | 113 (56.8) | 293 (63.4) | <0.01 |
Academic performance compared to peers (Same or better) | 2831 (82.0) | 679 (79.0) | 754 (83.2) | 368 (79.7) | 331 (82.8) | 140 (83.8) | 167 (85.6) | 392 (84.5) | .057 |