Table 2 Relative risk of death for smokers and ex-smokers comparing to nonsmokers
From: Smoking-attributable mortality in Morocco: results of a prevalence-based study in Casablanca
Males | Females | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Disease category | Current smoker | Former smoker | Current smoker | Former smoker |
Malignant neoplasms | ||||
Lip, Oral cavity, Pharynx | 10.89 | 3.40 | 5.08 | 2.29 |
Esophagus | 6.76 | 4.46 | 7.75 | 2.79 |
Stomach | 1.96 | 1.47 | 1.36 | 1.32 |
Pancreas | 2.31 | 1.15 | 2.25 | 1.55 |
Larynx | 14.60 | 6.34 | 13.02 | 5.16 |
Trachea, lung, bronchus | 23.26 | 8.70 | 12.69 | 4.53 |
Cervix Uteri | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.59 | 1.14 |
Kidney and renal pelvis | 2.72 | 1.73 | 1.29 | 1.05 |
Urinary bladder | 3.27 | 2.09 | 2.22 | 1.89 |
Acute myeloid leukemia | 1.86 | 1.33 | 1.13 | 1.38 |
Cardiovascular diseases | ||||
Ischemic heart disease | ||||
Persons aged 35–64 | 2.80 | 1.64 | 3.08 | 1.32 |
Persons aged 65+ | 1.51 | 1.21 | 1.60 | 1.20 |
Other heart disease | 1.78 | 1.22 | 1.49 | 1.14 |
Cerebrovascular disease | ||||
Persons aged 35–64 | 3.27 | 1.04 | 4.00 | 1.30 |
Persons aged 65+ | 1.63 | 1.04 | 1.49 | 1.03 |
Atherosclerosis | 2.44 | 1.33 | 1.83 | 1.00 |
Aortic aneurysm | 6.21 | 3.07 | 7.07 | 2.07 |
Other arterial disease | 2.07 | 1.01 | 2.17 | 1.12 |
Respiratory diseases | ||||
Pneumonia, influenza | 1.75 | 1.36 | 2.17 | 1.10 |
Bronchitis, Emphysema | 17.10 | 15.64 | 12.04 | 11.77 |
Chronic airway obstruction | 10.58 | 6.80 | 13.08 | 6.78 |