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Table 4 Comparing differences between crude analysis (simple logistic regression) and adjusted analysis (multiple logistic regression) on factors associated with Full Immunization of children under-five in Ghana, 2011

From: Determinant of factors associated with child health outcomes and service utilization in Ghana: multiple indicator cluster survey conducted in 2011

 

Crude analysis

Adjusted analysis

Covariates/exposure

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95%)

p-value

NHIS membership (main exposure variable)

    

  No

1

1

1

0.002**

  Yes

2.30 (1.42-3.72)

0.000***

2.15 (1.34-3.47)

 

Sex

    

  Male

1

1

1

0.265

  Female

1.21 (0.84-1.74)

0.306

1.24 (0.85-1.79)

 

Age in months

1.01 (0.96-1.07)

0.661

1.01 (0.96-1.07)

0.647

Mothers education

    

  None

1

1

1

0.696

  Primary

0.91 (0.56-1.47)

0.703

0.90 (0.52-1.55)

 

  Secondary

1.47 (0.94-2.31)

 

1.51 (0.87-2.62)

 

  Tertiary

1.83 (0.96-3.39)

 

1.83 (0.81-4.14)

 

Geographic location

    

  Rural

1

1

1

0.020*

  Urban

1.32 (0.89-1.96)

0.161

1.86 (1.10-3.12)

 

Socioeconomic status

    

  Poorest

1

0.710

0.91 (0.54-1.53)

0.715

  Second

0.91(0.56-1.49)

 

1.03 (0.52-2.03)

 

  Middle

1.02 (0.60-1.71)

 

1.61 (0.72-3.59)

 

  Fourth

1.41 (0.79-2.53)

 

1.26 (0.50-3.16)

 

  Richest

1.25 (0.68-2.30)

   
  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 significant levels.