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Table 3 Statistical analysis of the literature reported Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) risk factors for all patients in the study

From: Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections in a long-term care psychogeriatric facility: outbreak analysis and policy improvement

 

Controls

CDI patients

p-value

No.

%

No.

%

 

Previous health care exposure

53/61

87

64/66

97

0,152

• Acute hospital

52/53

98

62/64

97

 

• Nursing home

1/53

2

1/64

1,5

 

• LTCFa

0/53

0

1/64

1,5

 

Any antibiotic use during 1 month preceding symptom onset

33/52

63

58/66

88

0,001*

• Clindamycin

1/49

2

2/84

2,3

 

• Fluoroquinolones

7/49

14

13/84

15,4

 

• Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid

22/49

45

36/84

43

 

• Otherb

19/49

39

33/84

39

 

Antacids use at admission

39/55

71

48/57

84

0,138

• Histamine 2-blocker

5/39

13

3/48

6

 

• Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)

34/39

87

45/48

94

 

Number of narcotics at admission

47/53

89

48/58

83

0,832

• 1 narcotic

21/47

45

17/48

35

 

• 2 narcotics

15/47

32

16/48

33

 

• 3 narcotics

7/47

15

11/48

23

 

• 4 narcotics

3/47

6

3/48

6

 

• 5 narcotics

1/47

2

1/48

2

 

Diabetes mellitus

14/57

25

11/64

17

0,317

  1. aLTCF: long-term care facility.
  2. b’other’ includes cephalosporins, tetracyclines, macrolides and cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim + sulphonamides).
  3. The last column reports the p-value of Chi2-test for nominal data. The values marked with the asterix are significant at the 0,05 level.