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Table 4 Determinants of use of specific categories of drugs - logistic regression (N = 2119)b, Belgium, 2008

From: Factors associated with excessive polypharmacy in older people

Characteristic (reference category)

ATC C (N = 1387)

ATC N (N = 886)

ATC A (N = 734)

ATC B (N = 752)

ATC R (N = 245)

ATC M (N = 379)

 

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

OR

95 % CI

Gender (male)

            

 Female

1.12

0.92–1.37

1.92b

1.58–2.34

1.44

1.18–1.76

0.61b

0.51–0.75

0.67b

0.50–0.90

1.18

0.93–1.50

Age (65–69)

            

 70–74

1.05

0.76–1.46

1.50b

1.06–2.11

1.15

0.82–1.61

1.50b

1.06–2.13

0.82

0.49–1.38

1.01

0.68–1.48

 75–79

1.67b

1.20–2.34

1.32

0.93–1.88

0.96

0.67–1.35

1.80b

1.27–2.56

0.86

0.52–1.42

1.01

0.68–1.49

 > = 80

1.45b

1.10–1.90

1.81b

1.35–2.42

1.05

0.79–1.40

2.36b

1.75–3.19

0.89

0.59–1.35

0.82

0.59–1.14

Education (Higher education)

            

 No degree/Primary

1.25

0.91–1.71

1.46b

1.07–1.98

1.17

0.86–1.58

1.33

0.98–1.81

1.23

0.78–1.93

1.25

0.87–1.79

 Lower secondary

0.87

0.63–1.19

1.52b

1.12–2.08

0.92

0.67–1.26

1.16

0.85–1.59

1.22

0.77–1.95

1.36

0.95–1.96

 Higher secondary

0.94

0.69–1.27

1.23

0.91–1.66

1.08

0.80–1.46

1.11

0.82–1.51

1.02

0.64–1.63

1.21

0.84–1.74

Equivalent household income (Quintile 5)

            

 Quintile 1

0.95

0.65–1.38

1.12

0.77–1.63

1.20

0.82–1.75

0.91

0.63–1.32

1.00

0.56–1.77

0.93

0.59–1.44

 Quintile 2

1.13

0.79–1.61

1.01

0.71–1.43

1.18

0.82–1.70

1.03

0.73–1.47

1.37

0.80–2.34

1.04

0.68–1.58

 Quintile 3

1.37

0.95–1.96

1.18

0.83–1.70

1.12

0.77–1.62

1.07

0.75–1.54

1.24

0.71–2.16

1.08

0.70–1.67

 Quintile 4

0.98

0.66–1.46

1.18

0.79–1.75

1.04

0.69–1.55

1.09

0.73–1.62

1.09

0.59–2.02

1.10

0.68–1.77

Living situation (Living at home)

            

 Living in a residential home for the elderly

0.48b

0.33–0.71

1.25

0.84–1.86

1.40

0.96–2.04

0.74

0.50–1.10

1.15

0.69–1.42

0.64

0.37–1.11

Region (Flemish Region)

            

 Brussels Region

0.85

0.67–1.08

1.26

0.98–1.62

1.07

0.84–1.38

1.03

0.80–1.32

0.98

0.68–1.42

1.29

0.96–1.73

 Walloon Region

1.76b

1.40–2.21

1.55b

1.25–1.93

1.51b

1.22–1.88

1.27b

1.02–1.57

0.99

0.72–1.37

1.23

0.95–1.61

Depression < 12 months (no)

            

 Yes

0.77

0.52–1.13

4.76b

2.97–7.64

1.51b

1.06–2.17

0.77

0.52–1.14

1.55

0.97–2.48

0.70

0.43–1.16

Longstanding disease, condition or handicap (no)

            

 Yes

1.42b

1.16–1.73

1.90b

1.56–2.39

2.18b

1.78–2.67

1.65b

1.35–2.02

2.74b

1.96–3.83

1.66b

1.30–2.14

Contact with GP in past 2 months (no)

            

 Yes

2.90b

2.31–3.66

1.86b

1.45–2.39

1.51b

1.17–1.96

1.86b

1.43–2.40

2.45b

1.54–3.90

1.18

0.87–1.60

Ambulatory contact with specialist in past 2 months (no)

            

 Yes

1.14

0.91–1.44

1.07

0.86–1.33

1.37b

1.11–1.71

1.35b

1.09–1.69

1.21

0.89–1.63

1.25

0.96–1.62

Inpatient hospitalization in past 12 months (no)

            

 Yes

1.46b

1.13–1.91

1.52b

1.20–1.94

1.32b

1.04–1.68

1.43b

1.13–1.81

1.38b

1.01–1.88

0.85

0.63–1.14

Day patient hospitalization in past 12 months (no)

            

 Yes

0.86

0.62–1.19

1.13

0.82–1.56

0.97

0.71–1.34

1.20

0.87–1.65

0.80

0.49–1.30

0.80

0.54–1.20

  1. ball the factors in the table are included in the model
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