Table 2 Sources of Household drinking water according to background characteristics, Demographic and Health Survey, 2013, Nigeria
Background characteristics | Improved drinking water sources (%) | Total women | X2-value | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 60.1 | 38021 | ||
Sex of household heada | 141.6 | <0.001 | ||
Male | 58.7 | 31631 | ||
Female | 66.7 | 6391 | ||
Agea | 2001.0 | <0.001 | ||
15 – 24 | 50.2 | 1464 | ||
25 – 34 | 55.3 | 7479 | ||
35 – 44 | 60.0 | 10505 | ||
45 – 54 | 61.4 | 9248 | ||
55 – 64 | 64.2 | 5749 | ||
65+ | 64.0 | 3576 | ||
Mean ± σ | 45.6 ± 13.7 | 44.8 ± 13.7 | <0.001 | |
Highest educational levela | 182.9 | <0.001 | ||
No education | 47.4 | 14466 | ||
Primary | 59.6 | 6594 | ||
Secondary | 70.7 | 13549 | ||
Higher | 72.7 | 3412 | ||
Religiona | 277.6 | <0.001 | ||
Christian | 64.0 | 17766 | ||
Islam | 57.0 | 19894 | ||
Others | 35.9 | 362 | ||
Place of residencea | 2824.0 | <0.001 | ||
Urban | 75.7 | 16020 | ||
Rural | 48.7 | 22001 | ||
Regiona | 742.1 | <0.001 | ||
North Central | 55.1 | 5429 | ||
North East | 49.0 | 5665 | ||
North West | 58.0 | 11703 | ||
South East | 68.4 | 4347 | ||
South South | 69.3 | 4668 | ||
South West | 65.8 | 6210 | ||
Number of household membersa | 48.55 | <0.001 | ||
1 – 3 | 60.9 | 7712 | ||
4 – 5 | 61.6 | 10079 | ||
6 – 7 | 61.1 | 8777 | ||
8+ | 57.4 | 11452 | ||
Mean ± σ | 6.4 ± 3.5 | 6.5 ± 3.7 | 0.130 | |
Wealth indexa | 445.9 | <0.001 | ||
Poor | 39.4 | 14298 | ||
Middle | 63.0 | 7304 | ||
Rich | 76.7 | 16419 | ||
Time to drinking water sourcea | 938.1 | <0.001 | ||
On premises | 68.3 | 8325 | ||
<30 min | 62.9 | 19641 | ||
≥30 min | 48.0 | 9789 | ||
Don’t know | 40.8 | 265 | ||