Table 1 Mortality Rate Ratios (MRRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) in a random intercepts model with predictors at the individual and sub-district level, controlled for age and household position (Belgium, 2001–2011)

 No/Lower education

1.00 (Ref.)

 Lower secondary education

0.94 (0.92–0.96)***

 Higher secondary education

0.91 (0.89–0.93)***

 Higher education

0.75 (0.73–0.77)***

 Active

1.00 (Ref.)

 Job-seeking

1.66 (1.61–1.71)***

 Retired

1.38 (1.35–1.41)***

 Unemployed (specific reason)

2.67 (2.60–2.73)***

 Never active/not capable of answer/other

2.28 (1.80–2.88)***

 Civil servant/other employee

1.00 (Ref.)

 Manager

1.00 (0.96–1.05)

 Self-employed/liberal profession

1.03 (1.01–1.06)*

 Labourer

1.04 (1.02–1.07)***

 Other

1.11 (1.06–1.15)***

 Primary

1.00 (Ref.)

 Secondary

1.11 (1.06–1.17)***

 Tertiary

1.18 (1.12–1.24)***

 Quaternary

1.25 (1.19–1.32)***

 Other

1.23 (1.16–1.30)***

 Owner/Usufructuary

1.00 (Ref.)

 Tenant

1.37 (1.34–1.40)***

 Tenant at a public institution

1.48 (1.44–1.53)***

 Insufficient comfort

1.00 (Ref.)

 Basic comfort

0.93 (0.90–0.95)***

 Good comfort

0.80 (0.77–0.82)***

 Good comfort and spacious

0.79 (0.76–0.81)***

 Very good comfort

0.72 (0.70–0.75)***

 % employed

0.98 (0.97–0.99)***

 % labourers

0.99 (0.98–0.99)***

 Variability intercept

0.01 (0.01–0.02)

 BIC

547122.70