Effects of individual, household and community characteristics on child nutritional status in the slums of urban Bangladesh

Table 4 Regression estimates on undernutrition status among children living in urban non-slums, 2013

Background Characteristics	Stunting				Underweight
	Individual- level	Household-level	Cluster- level	Model C	Individual- level	Household-level	Cluster- level	Model D
Mother’s age at birth (reference: <20 years)
20-34 years	0.76^*			0.78	0.66^**			0.68^**
35+ years	0.54^*			0.58^*	0.40^***			0.43^**
Mother’s education (reference: no education)
Primary	0.85			0.87	0.78			0.80
Secondary +	0.56^**			0.62^**	0.53^***			0.60^**
Birth order (reference: 1)
2-3	1.36^**			1.35^**	1.04			1.05
4+	1.52^*			1.49	1.50			1.47
Child’s age (reference: <9 months)
9-23 months	2.30^***			2.30^***	1.68^**			1.67^**
24-59 months	1.73^***			1.73^***	2.02^***			2.01^***
Exposure to media (paper, radio or TV) (reference: less than daily)
Daily	0.85				0.71^*			0.84
Mother’s working status (reference: unemployed/works from home)
Outside home	1.34			1.33	0.88
NGO’s membership (reference: not member)
Member	1.57^**			1.51^*	1.49^*			1.38
Wealth status (reference: non-poor)
Poor		1.80^***		1.35^**		1.79^***		1.32^*
Duration of residence (reference: <2 years)
2-5 years		0.96				0.98
>5 years		1.15				0.88
Sanitation facility (reference: not improved)
Improved		0.96				0.96
Garbage disposal (reference: in open space)
Disposed		1.00				0.80^*		0.84
Household size (reference: 1-3)
4-5		1.01				0.87
6+		1.01				1.06
Distance from health facility (reference: <1 km)
1-2 km			1.08				1.08
>2 km			1.06				1.02
Number of available community health worker (reference: none)
One			0.94				0.93
Two or more			1.18				1.13
Region (reference: other division)
Dhaka			1.14				0.96

ISSN: 2049-3258