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Table 1 Definition and measurements of variables used in the dissertation, East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2015

From: Individual and community level factors with a significant role in determining child height-for-age Z score in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis

Variable

Measurement of variable

Dependent variable

 Child Height for Age Z score

Height-for-age Z-score (stunting) is an indicator of linear growth of a child and stunting refers to a child who is too short for his or her age.

Individual level factors

 Child gender

Categorized in to (0) Boy; (1) Girl

 Child age in months

Child age was measured in months

 Number of under five children

Categorized in to (0) one; (1) two or more

 Educational status of the mother

Categorized in to (0) cannot read and write, (1) only can read and write, but without formal education, (2) have formal education.

 Women participation in decision making

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes

 Household Wealth status

Categorized in to (0) poorest quintile; (1) second quintile; (2) third quintile; (3) fourth quintile; (4) richest quintile.

 Child Immunization status

Categorized in to (0) not fully immunized; (1) fully immunized

 Childhood diarrheal illness

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes

 Time of breast feeding initiation

Categorized in to (0) after 1 h; (1) within an hour

 Complementary feeding initiation time

Categorized in to (0) before 6 months; (1) at 6 months; (2) after 6 months.

 House hold diversity score

Measured using 12 food groups household consumption of 24 h prior to the survey

 Household food insecurity score

Measured using FANTA food access scale and it ranges from zero (food secure) to 27 (severely food insecure).

 Mother MUACa

Categorized in to (0) < 21 cm; (1) ≥ 21 cm

 Antenatal Care (ANC)

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes

 Postnatal Care (PNC)

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes

 Household level water treatment

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes

Community level factors

 Latrine utilization

The four indicators were categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes. Yes refers to a household who satisfied the four indicators.

 Household waste management practice

Categorized in to (0) No; (1) Yes. Yes refers to households who have disposal site and used during the time of survey.

 Agroecosystem type

Categorized in to (0); Low lands of Abay valley (1) Midland with black soil; (2) midlands with red soil; (3) midlands with brown soil (4) hilly and mountainous highland.

  1. a MUAC Mid Upper Arm Circumference