Table 2 Association between social determinants, drug injecting behaviours, sexual behaviors with HIV/HCV co-infection
Characteristic | Total (n = 1045) | HIV/HCV co-infection (n = 42, 4%) | Not HIV/HCV co-infection (n = 1003, 96%) | Χ2 (df) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
Region | 16 (2) | < 0.001 | |||
Eastern Terai districts | 360 (34.4) | 22 (6.1) | 338 (93.9) | ||
Kathmandu | 340 (32.5) | 18 (5.3) | 322 (94.7) | ||
Pokhara | 345 (33) | 2 (0.6) | 343 (99.4) | ||
Age | 20 (2) | < 0.001 | |||
Below 20 years | 210 (20.1) | 5 (2.4) | 205 (97.6) | ||
20–29 years | 536 (51.3) | 12 (2.2) | 524 (97.8) | ||
30 years and above | 299 (28.6) | 25 (8.4) | 274 (91.6) | ||
Education | 0.1 (2) | 0.988 | |||
No education | 25 (2.4) | 1 (4) | 24 (96) | ||
Primary | 141 (13.5) | 6 (4.3) | 135 (95.7) | ||
Secondary and above | 879 (84.1) | 35 (4) | 844 (96) | ||
Marital status | 6 (1) | 0.011 | |||
Single | 654 (62.6) | 18 (2.8) | 636 (97.2) | ||
Married | 391 (37.4) | 24 (6.1) | 367 (93.9) | ||
History of Imprisonment | 2 (1) | 0.157 | |||
Yes | 677 (64.7) | 10 (2.7) | 358 (97.3) | ||
No | 368 (35.3) | 32 (4.7) | 645 (95.3) | ||
Age of drug initiation | 1.6 (2) | 0.455 | |||
Below 20 years | 614 (58.8) | 27 (4.4) | 587 (95.6) | ||
20–29 years | 360 (34.4) | 11 (3.1) | 349 (96.9) | ||
30 years and above | 71 (6.8) | 4 (5.6) | 67 (94.4) | ||
Duration of drug use | 5 (2) | 0.078 | |||
Below 2 years | 331 (31.7) | 10 (3) | 321 (97) | ||
2–10 years | 446 (42.7) | 15 (3.4) | 431 (96.6) | ||
More than 10 years | 268 (25.6) | 17 (6.3) | 251 (93.7) | ||
Duration of injecting drugs | 29 (2) | < 0.001 | |||
Below 2 years | 553 (53.0) | 15 (2.7) | 538 (97.3) | ||
2–10 years | 356 (34.0) | 10 (2.8) | 346 (97.2) | ||
More than 10 years | 136 (13.0) | 17 (12.5) | 119 (87.5) | ||
Used needle/ syringe previously used by someone in past week | 0.9 (1) | 0.363 | |||
Yes | 40 (3.8) | 42 (4.2) | 963 (95.8) | ||
No | 1005 (96.2) | 0 (0) | 40 (100) | ||
Use syringe/needle left in public place in past week | 1.2 (1) | 0.272 | |||
Yes | 16 (1.5) | 40 (3.9) | 989 (96.1) | ||
No | 1029(98.5) | 2 (12.5) | 14 (87.5) | ||
Share needle/syringe to someone after you used it in past week | 0.1 (1) | 0.768 | |||
Yes | 47 (4.5) | 41 (4.1) | 957 (95.9) | ||
No | 998(95.5) | 1 (2.1) | 46 (97.9) | ||
Age of first sex | 0.5 (1) | 0.469 | |||
Below 20 years | 865 (82.7) | 37 (4.3) | 828 (95.7) | ||
Above 20 years | 180 (17.3) | 5 (2.8) | 175 (97.2) | ||
Sexual contact with partners in past year | 0 (1) | 1 | |||
Yes | 797 (76.3) | 10 (4) | 238 (96) | ||
No | 248(23.7) | 32 (4) | 765 (96) | ||
Sexual contact with FSWs in past year | 0.1 (1) | 0.921 | |||
Yes | 243(23.2) | 33 (4.1) | 769 (95.9) | ||
No | 802(76.8) | 9 (3.7) | 234 (96.3) | ||
Consistent condom use with regular sexual partners | 2.5 (1) | 0.111 | |||
Yes | 210(20.1) | 29 (3.5) | 806 (96.5) | ||
No | 835(79.9) | 13 (6.2) | 197 (93.8) | ||
Consistent condom use with FSWs | 0 (1) | 1 | |||
Yes | 216(20.7) | 33 (4) | 796 (96) | ||
No | 829(79.3) | 9 (4.2) | 207 (95.8) | ||
Consistent condom use with non-regular sexual partners | 0.9 (1) | 0.331 | |||
Yes | 359(34.3) | 31 (4.5) | 655 (95.5) | ||
No | 686(65.7) | 11 (3.1) | 348 (96.9) | ||