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Table 2 Hypertension prevalence according to gender, geographical region, study year, type of publication and study size

From: The burden and high prevalence of hypertension in Pakistani adolescents: a meta-analysis of the published studies

Study or Subgroup

No. of studies

Prevalence (95% CI) (%)

N

Heterogeneity test

Publication bias test

I2 (%)

P

P (Begg’s test)

P (Egger’s test)

Fixed Effect Model

18

26.34 (25.93, 26.75)

42,618

99.1

< 0.001

0.602

0.294

Random Effect Model

18

25.64 (20.97, 30.30)

42,618

99.1

< 0.001

0.602

0.294

Sex (Male)

9

24.99 (19.70, 30.28)

17,670

98.3

< 0.001

0.835

0.752

Sex (Female)

10

24.76 (16.76, 32.76)

17,298

99.3

< 0.001

0.421

0.858

Urban

16

26.61 (21.80, 31.42)

17,224

98.4

< 0.001

0.787

0.308

Rural

4

21.03 (10.18, 31.87)

25,394

99.8

< 0.001

0.497

0.393

Study years (1990s)

2

19.55 (18.07, 21.05)

9593

38.9

0.201

0.317

–

Study years (2000s)

9

23.95 (16.60, 31.30)

13,343

98.9

< 0.001

0.532

0.57

Study years (2010s)

7

29.95 (24.13, 35.77)

19,682

97.8

< 0.001

0.652

0.325

Local journal

8

23.32 (18.9, 27.74)

3366

88.6

< 0.001

0.805

0.762

International journal

10

27.44 (20.97, 33.91)

39,252

99.5

< 0.001

0.929

0.755

Small Studies

10

23.27 (22.03, 24.50)

10,831

87.9

< 0.001

0.788

0.855

Medium Studies

5

32.65 (31.79, 33.52)

4420

99.1

< 0.001

1

0.737

Large studies

3

24.73 (24.23, 25.23)

27,367

99.8

< 0.001

0.117

0.573

  1. Abbreviation: N total number of subjects from the included studies