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Table 4 Changes in physical activity and eating behavior

From: Use of health promotion manga to encourage physical activity and healthy eating in Japanese patients with metabolic syndrome: a case study

 

Baseline

1 month

Estimate

  

Mean

(SE)

Mean

(SE)

Intercept

(95% CI)

Time

(95% CI)

p-value

R 2

IPAQ

 Vigorous PA

285

(205.5)

428.3

(205.5)

428.3

(1.9, 854.8)

−143.3

(− 754.2, 467.5)

0.62

0.02

 Moderate PA

590.8

(230.5)

617.5

(230.5)

617.5

(134.4, 1100.6)

−26.7

(− 570.8, 517.4)

0.92

0.01

 MVPA

875.8

(393.8)

942.0

(409.3)

942.0

(87.0, 1797.1)

−66.2

(−10.90.3, 957.9)

0.89

0.02

 Walking

332.5

(120.9)

187.5

(122.6)

187.5

(−76.3, 451.4)

145.0

(−15.1, 305.0)

0.07

N.A.

 Sedentary (week days)

205

(33.4)

207.5

(33.4)

207.5

(137.2, 277.8)

−2.5

(−74.5, 69.5)

0.94

N.A.

 Sedentary (holidays)

239.4

(37.1)

260

(36.5)

260

(−75.6, 34.4)

−20.6

(−75.6, 34.4)

0.43

N.A.

HEBI-J

 Balance

15.1

−0.8

15.5

−0.8

15.5

(13.7, 17.3)

−0.4

(−1.3, 0.5)

0.32

0.09

 Pattern

15.1

−0.8

16

−0.8

16.0

(14.3, 17.7)

−0.9

(−2.5, 0.6)

0.21

0.16

 Restriction

13.3

−0.8

14.3

−0.8

14.3

(12.6, 15.9)

−1

(−2.1, 0.2)

0.1

0.25

 Total

43.2

−2.2

46.2

−2.2

46.2

(41.5, 50.9)

−3.1

(−5.6, −0.6)

0.02*

0.47

  1. *p < .01. Notes. CI confidence interval, SE standard error, PA physical activity, MVPA moderate-vigorous physical activity, Physical activity scores calculated by minutes per week, IPAQ International Physical Activity Questionnaire, HEBI-J Healthy Eating Behavior Index for Japanese, N.A. of effect size (R2) means effect size calculation was not available because of physical activity scores were decreasing from baseline to one month; Criteria for effect sizes (R2): > 0.01 = small, > 0.09 = medium, and > 0.25 = large (Cohen, 1988)