|
Independent Variables
|
Ghana
|
Mozambique
|
|---|
| |
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
Wealth status
|
|
Poorest
|
0.70* (0.48–1.01)
|
0.72*(0.51–1.03)
|
|
Poorer
|
0.89 (0.64–1.23)
|
0.72*(0.52–1.00)
|
|
Middle
|
1.05 (0.83–1.34)
|
0.73*(0.52–1.00)
|
|
Richer
|
1.04 (0.85–1.26)
|
0.92(0.73–1.16)
|
|
Richest
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Level of education
|
|
No education
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Primary
|
1.35**(1.10–1.67)
|
1.21**(1.01–1.46)
|
|
Secondary
|
1.13(0.93–1.39)
|
1.34**(1.02–1.76)
|
|
Higher
|
0.74*(0.53–1.04)
|
1.14(0.70–1.16)
|
|
Age
|
|
15–19
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
20–24
|
5.61***(3.75–8.41)
|
2.48***(1.75–3.50)
|
|
25–29
|
8.79***(5.78–13.36)
|
3.06***(2.13–4.40)
|
|
30–34
|
12.13***(7.81–18.88)
|
3.37***(2.28–4.97)
|
|
35–39
|
13.62***(8.85–20.96)
|
3.67***(2.45–5.51)
|
|
40–44
|
11.99***(7.54–19.06)
|
2.98***(1.95–4.57)
|
|
45–49
|
14.23***(8.94–22.66)
|
3.22***(2.11–4.89)
|
|
Religion
|
|
Christian
|
1.23*(0.99–1.52)
|
1.42*(0.96–2.10)
|
|
Islam
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Traditional/spiritual/other/no religion
|
1.42**(1.03–1.97)
|
1.50(0.88–2.56)
|
|
Occupation
|
|
Unemployed
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Employed
|
1.38**(1.13–1.68)
|
2.05***(1.77–2.38)
|
|
Marital status
|
|
Never married
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Married
|
1.47**(1.09–2.00)
|
2.22***(1.58–3.12)
|
|
Living together
|
1.67**(1.24–2.24)
|
2.32***(1.64–3.28)
|
|
Widowed
|
1.23(0.80–1.88)
|
1.76**(1.10–2.83)
|
|
Divorced
|
1.11(0.69–1.78)
|
1.97**(1.09–3.54)
|
|
Separated
|
1.74**(1.18–2.56)
|
2.38***(1.61–3.50)
|
|
Residence
|
|
Urban
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Rural
|
0.81*(0.65–1.02)
|
0.78**(0.61–1.00)
|
|
Birth history
|
|
Zero birth
|
1.71**(1.19–2.46)
|
2.38***(1.61–3.50)
|
|
One birth
|
1.69***(1.32–2.15)
|
1.64***(1.64–3.28)
|
|
Two births
|
1.43**(1.15–1.78)
|
1.76**(1.10–2.83)
|
|
Three births
|
1.23*(1.00–1.52)
|
2.05***(1.51–2.72)
|
|
Four births or more
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine
|
|
Not at all
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Less than once a week
|
0.91(0.71–1.16)
|
1.08(0.83–1.42)
|
|
At least once a week
|
0.68**(0.50–0.92)
|
0.89(0.68–1.17)
|
|
Frequency of listening to radio
|
|
Not at all
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Less than once a week
|
1.27**(1.04–1.55)
|
1.16(0.94–1.44)
|
|
At least once a week
|
1.22*(1.01–1.48)
|
1.14(0.93–1.39)
|
|
Frequency of watching television
|
|
Not at all
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Less than once a week
|
1.16(0.96–1.41)
|
1.07(0.83–1.38)
|
|
At least once a week
|
1.23**(1.04–1.46)
|
1.24*(0.98–1.57)
|
- *p < 1.0 **p < 0.05 ***p < 0.001 OR = Odds Ratio Ref = reference category
- Computed from Ghana DHS 2014, Mozambique DHS2011
