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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of participants in Sub-study 1 and Sub-study 2: Texas, United States, 2007 (sub-study 1) and Indiana, United States, 2009 (Sub-study 2)

From: Incorporating environmental variables as precursor background variables of the theory of planned behavior to predict quitting-related intentions: a comparative study between adult and young adult smokers

Variable

Sub-study 1

Sub-study 2

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

Age

46.08

(15.64)

20.99

(4.51)

Sex (n, %)

 Male

184

(46.58)

195

(52.00)

 Female

211

(53.42)

180

(48.00)

Race/ethnicity (n, %)

 Non-Hispanic white

193

(50.79)

314

(83.51)

 Others

187

(49.21)

62

(16.49)

Intentiona

2.99

(1.63)

3.19

(2.37)

Attitudea

4.22

(1.23)

5.24

(1.39)

Subjective norma

3.92

(1.04)

4.58

(1.87)

Perceived behavioral controla

2.51

(1.56)

3.43

(2.11)

Number of smokers among 5 closest friends

2.94

(1.75)

3.08

(1.31)

Extent of agreement with regulating of smoking in public placesa

3.29

(1.32)

3.45

(1.21)

Extent of agreement with increasing taxes on cigarettesa

1.94

(1.14)

2.01

(1.21)

 Comprehensive smoke-free air law (n, %)

    

 Living in a city with comprehensive smoke-free air law

196

(49.62)

261

(68.87)

 Living in a city without comprehensive smoke-free air law

199

(50.38)

118

(31.13)

  1. The participants in Sub-study 1 were Texas residents aged 18 or older who were current cigarette smokers (N = 395) and the participants in Sub-study 2 were Indiana University and Purdue University students aged 18 or older who were current cigarette smokers (N = 379)
  2. aSub-study 1 used five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5 and Sub-study 2 used seven-point Likert scale ranging from 0 to 6