Risk of Bias Item | Answer: Yes (Low Risk) or No (High risk) |
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External Validity | Â |
1. Was the study target population a close representation of the national pregnant population in relation to relevant variables? | Â |
2. Was the sampling frame a true or close representation of the target population? (risk factors used appropriate?) | Â |
3. Was some form of random selection used to select the sample, OR, was a census undertaken? | Â |
4. Was the likelihood of non-participation bias minimal? (i.e. ≥75% response rate)? |  |
Internal Validity | Â |
5. Were data collected directly from the subjects? (as opposed to medical records) | Â |
6. Were acceptable diagnostic criteria for GDM used? | Â |
7. Was a reliable and accepted method of testing for blood glucose utilised? | Â |
8. Was the same mode of data collection used for all subjects? | Â |
9. Was GDM tested for within the advised gestational period of 24–28 weeks? |  |
10. Were the numerator(s) and denominator(s) for the calculation of the prevalence of GDM appropriate? | Â |
Summary item on the overall risk of study bias | Â |
A. LOW RISK OF BIAS: 8 or more ‘yes’ answers. Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate. B. MODERATE RISK OF BIAS: 6 to 7 ‘yes’ answers. Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate and may change the estimate. C. HIGH RISK OF BIAS: 5 or fewer ‘yes’ answers. Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate and is likely to change the estimate. |  |