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Table 3 Overview of evaluated health outcomes of included studies in the field of health-promoting and preventive interventions for community dwelling older people in the Nordic countries from inception to 2019

From: Health-promoting and preventive interventions for community-dwelling older people published from inception to 2019: a scoping review to guide decision making in a Swedish municipality context

Categories of health outcomes

Health outcomes evaluated

Nr. of studies evaluating the specific health outcome a

Interventions reporting significant effects

ADL/IADL/occupational engagement

ADL, Autonomy and participation, Functional ability, Functional tasks, IADL, Leisure engagement, Leisure activities in general/physical leisure activities, Self-perceived function/Basic function/Overall function, Sense of Coherence

20

[7, 8, 34, 47, 57, 59, 66, 81, 86, 89]

Balance

Balance confidence, Balance performance, Dynamic balance, Impaired balance, Postural balance, Postural sway, Velocity moment in standing balance

12

[10, 32, 34, 39, 48, 51, 65, 101]

Bone density

BMC total body, BMD Arm/Femoral neck/Lumbar spine/Trochanter

2

[33]

Falls related parameters

Fall rates, Fall-induced injuries, Falls incidence, Falls risk, Fear of falling, Fractures rates, Incidence of falls requiring medical treatment, Lower extremity fractures, Number of fractures, Rate of injured fallers/injurious falls

18

[17, 34, 38, 40, 55, 60, 64, 69, 71, 73, 77]

Frailty and frailty indicators/morbidity

Bodily pain, Disability, Frailty e.g., tiredness in daily activities, endurance, functional balance, walking speed), Functional decline, Health transition over time, Morbidity, Mortality, Progressive decline

7

[34, 57, 77, 78, 103]

Healthcare utilisation

Healthcare consumption, Admission into long-term institutional care, Emergency department visits not leading to hospitalization, Nursing home admission.

4

[93, 103]

Health-related quality of life

HRQoL, satisfaction with physical health/psychological health, Self-rated health

10

[7, 39, 49, 59, 66, 78]

Mental wellbeing

Depressive symptoms, Discomfort/symptoms, Distress, Guidance/attachment, Life satisfaction, Likelihood of depression, Loneliness, Melancholy, Mental health, Motivation/Intrinsic motivation, Social integration, Social network, Social participation, Volition/action and coping planning

10

[16, 35, 45, 47, 66, 79, 88]

Mobility

Advanced mobility, Basic mobility, Climbing stairs, Gait/fast speed in velocity/cadence, Habitual walking speed, Lower extremity function, Maximal walking speed, Mobility performance, Outdoor walks, Reaction time of step execution, Mobility restriction, Upper extremity function, Walking duration

22

[32, 33, 35, 38, 50, 51, 57, 59, 66, 94, 97, 100, 101]

Muscle strength

Biceps strength, Carrying heavy loads, Centre of pressure velocity, Grip strength, Isokin. Knee Ext. 60 °/180 °/s, Isokin. Knee Flex. 60 °/180 °/s, Isom. Trunk Ext./Flex., Leg extensor force, Leg press, Leg strength, Maximal knee extension strength, Maximal voluntary contraction strength, RFD

13

[32, 33, 38, 48, 66, 68, 74, 95, 99]

Physical performance

Physical performance, Aerobic capacity, Physical activity level, RMR, Self-perceived physical condition

5

[94, 95]

  1. Notes: aSum of original (first published RCT) and related studies
  2. Abbreviations: ADL Activities of daily living, IADL Instrumental activities of daily living, BMC Body mineral content, BMD Bone mineral density, HRQoL Health related quality of life, RFD Rate of force development, RMR Resting metabolic rate