Daily lifestyle behaviors and risks of sarcopenia among older adults

Table 1 Characteristics of the study sample (n = 1068)

Studied characteristics	Non-sarcopenia		Sarcopenia		χ2	Degrees of freedom	p-value
Studied characteristics	n	%	n	%	χ2	Degrees of freedom	p-value
Sex					14.00	1	< 0.001
Men	484	48.9%	21	26.9%
Women	506	51.1%	57	73.1%
Age group (years)					15.16	1	< 0.001
65–74	693	70.0%	38	48.7%
75+	297	30.0%	40	51.3%
Residential geographic areas					6.19	3	0.103
Northern	425	42.9%	23	29.5%
Middle	238	24.0%	20	25.6%
Southern	272	27.5%	29	37.2%
Eastern and island	55	5.6%	6	7.7%
Education					20.07	2	< 0.001
Elementary or below	357	36.1%	48	61.5%
Middle or high school	374	37.8%	19	24.4%
University or higher	259	26.2%	11	14.1%
Marital status					12.53	1	< 0.001
Married	781	78.9%	48	61.5%
Unmarried/divorced/widowed	209	21.1%	30	38.5%
Employment					8.84	1	0.003
Full-time	124	12.5%	1	1.3%
Not full-time	866	87.5%	77	98.7%
Living status					5.47	1	0.019
Alone	86	8.7%	13	16.7%
Not alone	904	91.3%	65	83.3%
Body mass index					12.16	3	0.007
Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m²)	32	3.2%	5	6.4%
Normal weight (18.5–24 kg/m²)	496	50.1%	32	41.0%
Overweight (> 24–30 kg/m²)	312	31.5%	19	24.4%
Obese (> 30 kg/m²)	150	15.2%	22	28.2%
Food selection					10.78	1	0.001
Balanced	791	79.9%	50	64.1%
Unbalanced	199	20.1%	28	35.9%
Physical activity					74.55	1	< 0.001
Sufficient	861	87.0%	39	50.0%
Insufficient	129	13.0%	39	50.0%
Sitting time					10.08	1	0.002
Low (< 7 h/day)	145	14.6%	22	28.2%
High (≥7 h/day)	845	85.4%	56	71.8%
Sleep duration					4.57	1	0.033
Suggested (7–8 h/day)	290	29.3%	14	17.9%
Shorter or longer (< 7 or > 8 h/day)	700	70.7%	64	82.1%

ISSN: 2049-3258