Table 3 Results of multinomial logistic regression for antenatal care utilization in sub-Saharan Africa using Demographic and Health Surveys 2010–2018
Variable | Antenatal care utilization | |
|---|---|---|
Partially utilized vs Not utilized | Adequately utilized vs Not utilized | |
Age | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) |
15–24 | 1 | 1 |
25–34 | 0.94* (0.90–0.0.99) | 1.23*** (1.18–1.29) |
35+ | 0.84*** (0.79–0.89) | 1.29*** (1.22–1.36) |
Education | ||
None | 1 | 1 |
Primary | 2.24*** (2.16–2.32) | 3.14*** (3.03–3.25) |
Secondary/higher | 1.34*** (1.28–1.41) | 3.36*** (3.22–3.52) |
Household wealth index | ||
Poorest | 1 | 1 |
Poorer | 1.29*** (1.24–1.34) | 1.34*** (1.29–1.39) |
Middle | 1.61*** (1.54–1.68) | 1.64*** (1.57–1.71) |
Richer | 1.88*** (1.78–1.98) | 1.89*** (1.79–1.99) |
Richest | 2.33*** (2.17–2.49) | 2.41*** (2.25–2.58) |
Residence | ||
Urban | 0.84*** (0.80–0.88) | 1.16*** (1.11–1.20) |
Rural | 1 | 1 |
Employment | ||
Not working | 1 | 1 |
Working | 1.49*** (1.44–1.53) | 1.54*** (1.49–1.58) |
Media exposure | ||
Not exposed | 1 | 1 |
Exposed | 1.78*** (1.72–1.83) | 2.11*** (2.05–2.18) |
Parity | ||
1 | 1.16*** (1.09–1.24) | 1.65*** (1.55–1.75) |
2 | 1.04 (0.99–1.10) | 1.33*** (1.26–1.40) |
3 | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 1.23*** (1.17–1.29) |
4 | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 1.15*** (1.09–1.21) |
5+ | 1 | 1 |
Getting permission to use health service | ||
A problem | 1 | 1 |
Not a problem | 1.59*** (1.53–1.65) | 1.73*** (1.67–1.79) |
Distance to health facility | ||
A problem | 1 | 1 |
Not a problem | 1.09*** (1.05–1.13) | 1.19*** (1.16–1.24) |
Not willing to go to health facility alone | ||
A problem | 1 | 1 |
Not a problem | 1.26*** (1.21–1.31) | 1.27*** (1.22–1.31) |