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Table 3 Subgroup analysis of the HBV pooled prevalence estimation in East Africa from 2005 to 2020

From: Prevalence and predictors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in east Africa: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies published from 2005 to 2020

Sub-groups   Analysis of HBV prevalence Analysis of heterogeneity  
Variable Category No Prevalence %(95%CI) P value I2% (95%CI) P het Model
  Kenya 6 8.54 (5.09 to 12.76) Ref   92.36 (86.11 to 95.79) < 0.0001 Random
Country Uganda 9 8.454 (5.76 to 11.73) 0.9637 97.28 (96.15 to 98.08) < 0.0001 Random
  Rwanda 7 4.06 (3.80 to 4.34) < 0.0001* 85.39 (71.83 to 92.42) < 0.0001 Random
  Tanzania 13 5.16 (4.24 to 6.17) 0.0006* 80.65 (67.84 to 88.35) < 0.0001 Random
Year of Publication 2011–2015 10 8.759 (6.09 to 11.85) Ref   95.65 (93.65 to 97.2) < 0.0001 Random
  2005–2010 8 6.95 (5.11 to 9.05) 0.1208 87.4 (77.34 to 92.98) < 0.0001 Random
  2016–2020 19 4.388 (3.901 to 4.903) < 0.0001* 96.17 (95.04 to 97.04) < 0.0001 Random
Sampling Technique Probability 11 7.799 (5.182 to 10.897)   98.45 (97.99 to 98.80) < 0.0001 Random
  Non-probability 26 5.361 (4.567 to 6.215) < 0.0001* 96.91 (96.21 to 96.49) < 0.0001 Random
Diagnostic Technique ELISA 14 5.214 (4.71 to 5.74) Ref   90.48 (85.79 to 93.62) < 0.0001 Random
  RDT 15 6.638 (4.997 to 8.493) 0.0126* 94.18 (91.88 to 95.83) < 0.0001 Random
  EIA 4 6.127 (1.259 to 14.303) 0.2349 99.62 (99.50 to 99.72) < 0.0001 Random
  Others 4 3.924 (3.697 to 4.16) 0.0622 22.55 (0.00 to 90.00) 0.257 Fixed
  1. ELISA Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, RDT Rapid Diagnostic Test, EIA Enzyme Immunoassay
  2. *P value of sub group prevalence with respect to the group reference (where applicable) < 0.05 statistically significant
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