|
Variables
|
Model 0
|
Model I
|
Model II
|
Model III
|
|---|
|
Age
| | |
–
| |
|
15–19
|
–
|
1
|
–
|
1
|
|
20–24
|
–
|
2.46 (1.10–5.52)*
|
–
|
2.38 (1.07–5.30)*
|
|
25–29
|
–
|
2.68 (1.20–5.97)*
|
–
|
2.422 (1.10–5.36)*
|
|
30–34
|
–
|
3.43 (1.51–7.7.9) **
|
–
|
2.92 (1.29–6.61)*
|
|
35–39
|
–
|
3.13 (1.33–7.24) **
|
–
|
2.60 (1.12–6.02)
|
|
40–44
|
–
|
3.08 (1.26–7.54)*
|
–
|
2.50 (1.30–6.10)
|
|
45–49
|
–
|
2.32 (0.85–6.27)
|
–
|
1.70 (0.62–4.52)
|
|
Highest education level achieved
|
–
| |
–
| |
|
No education
|
–
|
1
|
–
|
1
|
|
Primary education
|
–
|
1.60 (1.25–2.06) **
|
–
|
1.52 (1.20–1.95) **
|
|
Secondary education
|
–
|
1.96 (1.13–3.39) **
|
–
|
1.77 (1.03–3.07) **
|
|
Higher education
|
–
|
6.89 (2.48–19.17)**
|
–
|
5.41 (1.91–15.25)**
|
|
Preceding birth interval
|
–
|
1.01 (1.00–1.02)***
|
–
|
1.01 (1.00–1.02)***
|
|
Literacy status
|
–
| |
–
| |
|
Not read and write
|
–
|
1
|
–
|
1
|
|
Able to read whole sentence
| |
1.24 (0.88–1.75)
| |
1.15 (0.81–1.62)
|
|
Read and write sentence
| |
2.19 (1.44–3.35)*
| |
1.94 (1.28–2.94)*
|
|
No card with the language
| |
1.32 (0.84–2.06)
| |
1.51 (0.94–2.40)
|
|
ANC visits
|
–
| |
–
| |
|
No ANC
|
–
|
1
|
–
|
1
|
|
1–2 ANC
|
–
|
2.09 (1.57–2.77)***
|
–
|
2.08 (1.57–2.76)***
|
|
3 ANC
|
–
|
3.27 (2.57–4.23) ***
|
–
|
3.24 (2.51–418) ***
|
|
≥ 4 ANCs
|
–
|
5.19 (4.15–6.48)***
|
–
|
4.91 (3.93–6.15)***
|
|
Wealth status
|
–
| |
–
| |
|
Poor
|
–
|
1
|
–
|
1
|
|
Middle
|
–
|
1.10 (0.84–1.44)
|
–
|
1.06 (0.81–1.38)
|
|
Rich
|
–
|
3.48 (2.66–4.56)***
|
–
|
2.40 (1.82–3.16)***
|
|
Birth order
|
–
| |
–
| |
|
First
| |
Empty
| |
Empty
|
|
2nd
| |
1.80 (1.444–2.47)***
| |
1.86 (1.41–2.44)***
|
|
> 3
| |
Omitted
| |
Omitted
|
|
Region
|
–
| | | |
|
Tigray
|
–
| |
19.14 (7.70–47.56)***
|
9.35 (3.83–22.90) ***
|
|
Afar
|
–
| |
1
|
1
|
|
Amhara
|
–
| |
7.63 (3.33–17.58) ***
|
3.82 (1.67–8.73) ***
|
|
Oromia
|
–
| |
4.11 (1.81–9.30) ***
|
2.39 (1.14–5.01)
|
|
Somali
|
–
| |
0.53 (0.21–1.31)
|
0.93 (0.44–2.09)
|
|
Benishangul
|
–
| |
18.29 (7.42–45.06)***
|
13.00 (5.89–28.69) ***
|
|
SNNPR
|
–
| |
5.17 (2.29–11.70) ***
|
4.89 (2.21–10.81) ***
|
|
Gambela
|
–
| |
6.45 (2.65–15.68) ***
|
4.22 (1.75–10.17) ***
|
|
Harari
|
–
| |
8.93.(3.45–23.10) ***
|
3.67 (1.60–8.42) ***
|
|
Addis Ababa
|
–
| |
16.20 (5.15–50.98) ***
|
13.15 (3.22–53.57) ***
|
|
Dire Dawa
|
–
| |
8.83 (3.34–23.35) ***
|
4.83 (2.05–11.38) ***
|
|
Residence
|
–
| | | |
|
Urban
|
–
| |
1
| |
|
Rural
|
–
| |
0.06 (0.03–0.10)***
|
0.18 (0.11–0.31)***
|
- SNNP South Nation Nationalities people, ANC Antenatal care
- NB: * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, & *** = p < 0.001
