Population distribution by ethnicities and the disparities in health risk and coping in the United States during the pandemic: the spatial and time dynamics

Li, Jiannan; Wang, Xinmeng; Yuan, Bocong

doi:10.1186/s13690-022-00858-7

Table 1 The influences of population distribution by ethnic minority on confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease in the US (county level)

From: Population distribution by ethnicities and the disparities in health risk and coping in the United States during the pandemic: the spatial and time dynamics

	Dependent variable: ln confirmed cases of COVID-19 (standardized by population)
	May. 28^th, 2020		Jun. 28^th, 2020		Jul. 28^th, 2020		Aug. 28^th, 2020		Sep. 28^th, 2020		Oct. 28^th, 2020		Nov. 28^th, 2020		Dec. 28^th, 2020		Jan. 28^th, 2021
	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D	Coef	S.D
Independent variables
% Non-Hispanic black	0.041^**	0.002	0.041^**	0.001	0.037^**	0.001	0.032^**	0.001	0.026^**	0.001	0.018^**	0.001	0.008^**	0.001	0.004^**	0.001	0.005^**	0.001
% Hispanics	0.009^**	0.002	0.018^**	0.002	0.023^**	0.001	0.020^**	0.001	0.016^**	0.001	0.011^**	0.001	0.008^**	0.001	0.007^**	0.001	0.006^**	0.001
% Asian American	0.042^**	0.012	0.027^*	0.011	0.010	0.008	0.009	0.006	0.006	0.006	-0.004	0.006	-0.018^**	0.005	-0.018^**	0.005	-0.018^**	0.005
Covariates
Regions
Category-1 high rich-poor polarization and high median household income	REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF
Category-2 low rich-poor polarization and high median household income	0.107	0.064	0.106^*	0.054	0.034	0.043	0.018	0.036	0.010	0.036	0.046	0.036	0.119^**	0.034	0.075^**	0.029	0.035	0.024
Category-3 high rich-poor polarization and low median household income	-0.477^**	0.066	-0.324^**	0.057	-0.123^**	0.046	0.016	0.040	0.070	0.039	0.139^**	0.037	0.142^**	0.034	0.124^**	0.028	0.096^**	0.024
Category-4 low rich-poor polarization and low median household income	-0.372^**	0.077	-0.260^**	0.070	-0.211^**	0.057	-0.118^*	0.049	-0.096^*	0.048	-0.005	0.046	0.081^*	0.039	0.076^*	0.032	0.038	0.028
Primary care physicians per 100,000	0.000	0.001	0.000^**	0.001	-0.001	0.000	-0.002^**	0.000	-0.002^**	0.000	-0.001^**	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Housing problems	0.000	0.007	0.004^**	0.006	0.002	0.005	-0.004	0.004	-0.013^**	0.004	-0.022^**	0.004	-0.028^**	0.005	-0.027^**	0.004	-0.022^**	0.004
Life expectancy at the county level	-0.001	0.002	0.002^**	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.001	0.002	0.000	0.002	0.000	0.002
Intercept	-6.837^**	0.200	-6.560	0.182	-5.845^**	0.180	-5.108^**	0.149	-4.581^**	0.158	-3.962^**	0.180	-3.118^**	0.135	-2.599^**	0.125	-2.357^**	0.127
Num. of counties	2950		2944		2944		2945		2945		2945		2945		2945		2945
F-statistics	120.50		157.26		233.05		229.69		171.96		101.47		26.06		21.22		22.85
[p-value]	[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]		[0.000]

Notes: Given that the US has an even ratio of males to females, which is also shown on county level, there is no enough variation in gender ratio on county level to account for the variation in the dependent variable. For this reason, the gender ratio on county level was not included in the regression analysis. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01

Back to article page