Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, CGSS, 2015, China
Full sample | Urban | Rural | χ2 | p-value | Satisfaction score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | % | % | Mean | SE | |||
Observation numbers | 10,433 | 6,130 | 4,303 | - | - | - | - |
Satisfaction score | 69.75 | 67.80 | 72.53 | - | - | 69.75 | 0.18 |
Age | |||||||
Age (average years) | 50.21 | 48.87 | 52.12 | - | - | - | - |
Age < 60 (%) | 67.65 | 70.10 | 64.16 | 40.67 | < 0.001 | 68.90 | 0.22 |
Age > = 60 (%) | 32.35 | 29.90 | 35.84 | 71.52 | 0.30 | ||
Gender (%) | |||||||
Male | 52.99 | 53.59 | 52.13 | 2.17 | 0.141 | 70.08 | 0.24 |
Female | 47.01 | 46.41 | 47.87 | 69.38 | 0.26 | ||
Ethnic group (%) | |||||||
Han | 92.25 | 94.57 | 88.94 | 112.03 | < 0.001 | 71.92 | 0.63 |
Ethnic minority | 7.75 | 5.43 | 11.06 | 69.57 | 0.18 | ||
Marital status (%) | |||||||
Single/separated/widow/widower | 21.61 | 23.77 | 18.55 | 40.71 | < 0.001 | 69.21 | 0.38 |
Cohabitation/married | 78.39 | 76.23 | 81.45 | 69.90 | 0.20 | ||
Employment status (%) | |||||||
Not working | 42.44 | 47.05 | 35.88 | 129.02 | < 0.001 | 70.30 | 0.27 |
Employed/Farm | 57.56 | 52.95 | 64.12 | 69.34 | 0.23 | ||
Education (%) | |||||||
Elementary School or less | 37.07 | 23.13 | 56.91 | 1600.00 | < 0.001 | 71.93 | 0.29 |
Middle/high School | 46.58 | 51.62 | 39.41 | 69.00 | 0.26 | ||
College | 15.35 | 23.61 | 3.58 | 67.35 | 0.41 | ||
Postgraduate | 1.01 | 1.65 | 0.09 | 60.70 | 1.74 | ||
Self-reported health (%) | |||||||
Very unhealthy | 3.04 | 2.06 | 4.44 | 212.30 | < 0.001 | 67.79 | 1.28 |
Unhealthy | 14.63 | 11.09 | 19.66 | 69.62 | 0.49 | ||
So-so | 21.59 | 22.58 | 20.20 | 69.40 | 0.38 | ||
Healthy | 39.07 | 41.04 | 36.25 | 69.89 | 0.27 | ||
Very healthy | 21.67 | 23.23 | 19.45 | 70.20 | 0.38 | ||
Self-reported household socioeconomic status (%) | |||||||
Far below average | 5.36 | 4.19 | 7.02 | 109.03 | < 0.001 | 66.83 | 0.90 |
Below average | 32.12 | 30.59 | 34.30 | 68.03 | 0.32 | ||
Average | 54.13 | 55.01 | 52.87 | 70.87 | 0.22 | ||
Above average | 8.40 | 10.21 | 5.81 | 70.97 | 0.59 | ||
Insurance status (%) | |||||||
Without any health Insurance | 9.00 | 10.36 | 7.06 | 33.50 | < 0.001 | 66.83 | 0.62 |
With any health insurance | 91.00 | 89.64 | 92.94 | 70.04 | 0.18 | ||
Internal migrant (%) | |||||||
No | 89.97 | 84.55 | 97.70 | 484.50 | < 0.001 | 70.28 | 0.18 |
Yes | 10.03 | 15.45 | 2.30 | 65.00 | 0.58 | ||
Subjective-wellbeing (%) | |||||||
Not good | 21.90 | 21.17 | 22.94 | 4.59 | 0.032 | 66.15 | 0.40 |
Good | 78.10 | 78.83 | 77.06 | 70.76 | 0.19 | ||
Regions or municipalities | |||||||
East China (without Shanghai) | 23.86 | 27.39 | 18.82 | 1300.00 | < 0.001 | 68.75 | 0.35 |
Middle China | 26.15 | 22.09 | 31.93 | 72.18 | 0.31 | ||
West China (without Chongqing) | 22.40 | 16.25 | 31.16 | 72.23 | 0.35 | ||
NEast China | 13.26 | 13.18 | 13.36 | 64.75 | 0.56 | ||
Beijing | 4.94 | 7.98 | 0.60 | 66.96 | 0.86 | ||
Shanghai | 4.30 | 7.32 | 0.00 | 64.71 | 0.87 | ||
Tianjin | 2.68 | 4.57 | 0.00 | 67.50 | 1.08 | ||
Chongqing | 2.42 | 1.22 | 4.11 | 74.90 | 0.88 | ||