Background factors | N* | Not-working (n = 290) | Working (n = 54) | P-value** |
---|---|---|---|---|
Household | ||||
HH slum location (%) | ||||
Korail (Dhaka North) | 344 | 51.38 | 33.33 | 0.015 |
Tongi (Gazipur) | 48.62 | 66.67 | ||
HH migratory status (%) | ||||
Migrant | 328 | 59.21 | 70.59 | 0.126 |
HH wealth quintile (1-5), mean ± SD | 317 | 2.94 ± 1.42 | 3.25 ± 1.36 | 0.131 |
Monthly income (BDT, quartiles)(%) | ||||
1 (2000-15,000 BDT) | 328 | 40.36 | 26.42 | 0.036 |
2 (16000-20,000 BDT) | 25.45 | 32.08 | ||
3 (21000-25,000 BDT) | 13.45 | 26.42 | ||
4(27000-110,000 BDT) | 20.73 | 15.09 | ||
Household size, mean ± SD | 344 | 4.92 ± 2.04 | 4.74 ± 1.47 | 0.432 |
Main source of cooking fuel (%) | ||||
Solid fuels | 343 | 13.84 | 22.22 | 0.267 |
HH has separate kitchen (%) | 341 | 40.63 | 43.40 | 0.706 |
Handwashing place observed at home (%) | 344 | 80.00 | 83.33 | 0.570 |
Main drinking water source (%) | ||||
Improved type | 344 | 100.00 | 100.00 | – |
Water unavailable from source for at least 1 full day (in last 2 weeks) (%) | 344 | 26.66 | 14.81 | 0.066 |
Treat water at home to make safer to drink (%) | 344 | 30.34 | 20.37 | 0.137 |
Store drinking water at home (%) | 343 | 60.21 | 38.89 | 0.004 |
Toilet type (%) | ||||
Improved type | 343 | 100.00 | 98.15 | 0.021 |
Toilet is shared with other households (%) | 343 | 66.90 | 64.15 | 0.697 |
Shared toilet type (base: shared toilet) (%) | ||||
Public facility | 229 | 18.04 | 37.14 | 0.011 |
Distance to nearest public/ NGO health facility (within 1 km) (%) | 335 | 85.87 | 94.23 | 0.097 |
HH received nutrition IEC/service before survey (%) | 336 | 38.65 | 55.56 | 0.021 |
Child | ||||
Sex (%) | ||||
Female | 344 | 47.93 | 42.59 | 0.471 |
Age (months), mean ± SD | 344 | 27.81 ± 16.33 | 34.37 ± 15.11 | 0.004 |
Birth order, mean ± SD | 340 | 1.84 ± 0.92 | 2.19 ± 1.08 | 0.029 |
Place of birth (%) | ||||
Home | 342 | 41.18 | 41.51 | 0.619 |
Mother worked during pregnancy (%) | 342 | 15.63 | 51.85 | < 0.001 |
Birthweight (in kg, both card and recall), mean ± SD | 229 | 3.04 ± 0.74 | 2.83 ± 0.53 | 0.045 |
Birth registered (%) | 343 | 39.45 | 59.26 | 0.007 |
Fully vaccinateda (%) | 344 | 54.83 | 29.63 | 0.001 |
Mother | ||||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 341 | 26.01 ± 5.64 | 29.43 ± 5.58 | < 0.001 |
Educational attainment (class completed), mean ± SD | 340 | 5.75 ± 3.53 | 4.47 ± 3.17 | 0.009 |
Literacy (%) | ||||
Cannot read at all | 343 | 20.07 | 27.78 | < 0.001 |
Can partly read | 17.65 | 37.04 | ||
Can fully read | 62.28 | 35.19 | ||
Media exposure (%) | ||||
At least once weekly (to newspaper/radio/TV) | 343 | 84.43 | 92.59 | 0.116 |
Marital status (%) | ||||
Married | 344 | 98.28 | 100.00 | 0.331 |
Children ever born, mean ± SD | 341 | 1.95 ± 0.92 | 2.26 ± 1.12 | 0.057 |
Wants no more children (%) | 343 | 46.02 | 70.37 | 0.004 |
Currently using contraceptive (%) | 342 | 81.94 | 88.89 | 0.212 |
BMIb (%) | ||||
Underweight | 334 | 6.79 | 11.11 | 0.242 |
Overweight | 41.07 | 48.15 | ||
Stature (%) | ||||
Very short < 145 cm | 344 | 14.83 | 22.22 | 0.316 |
Short: 145 to < 155 cm | 70.69 | 61.11 | ||
Normal: ≥155 | 14.48 | 16.67 | ||
Primary caregiver of child is mother (%) | 343 | 99.66 | 98.11 | 0.175 |
Secondary caregivers other than mother (%) | ||||
Older sibling/father/relative only | 325 | 34.06 | 40.82 | 0.037 |
Grandmother only | 20.65 | 28.57 | ||
No one else | 34.78 | 14.29 | ||
Multiple people | 10.51 | 16.33 | ||
Father (mother’s husband) | ||||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 339 | 32.54 ± 6.84 | 35.44 ± 6.51 | 0.003 |
Educational attainment (class completed), mean ± SD | 337 | 6.28 ± 3.88 | 5.33 ± 4.04 | 0.115 |
Employment status (%) | ||||
Currently working | 341 | 98.61 | 100.00 | 0.683 |