Table 1 HCSP Conceptual framework broken down into 10 axes covering essential diagnoses and integrating all the determinants and recommendations

1. Syndemic nature of Covid-19 pandemics

R1. Measure the impact of pandemics and control measures on the health status of the general population (co-morbidity, mental health)

R2. Take into account the societal effects of pandemics and prevent the aggravation of social inequalities in health (SSI)

2. Health promotion / Prevention

R3. Develop confidence and acceptance in the general population

R4. Deploy Health Education programs (individual reflection) in schools and in the general population

R5. Strengthen the training of front-line professionals (healthcare setting (ES), nursing homes (ESMS), national education, occupational health, associations, local authorities, etc.)

R6. Ensure the availability of barrier measures and the management of screening in the general population

R7. Promote vaccination

3. Social debate in the management of pandemics

R8. Organize individual (community approach) and institutional (WHO health democracy) societal participation (WHO, 2020)

R9. Integrate and take into account the contributions of human and social science (SHS) experts in scientific committees for health policy decision-making

R10. Better understanding of vaccine hesitancy (5C model) (SAGE, 2014) [15]

4. Pandemic management based on risk and uncertainty reduction strategies

R11. Define individual and collective objectives of strategic control measures in advance

R12. Use risk analysis and foresight methods

R13. Monitor good practice in impact assessment of public interventions. Develop a risk reduction approach to crisis management, taking into account the differentiated impact of measures on people's overall health

5. Availability of national epidemiological databases for pandemic management

R14. Make available and facilitate the use of national databases (regulatory aspect and interoperability)

R15. Promote research and industrial logistics to adapt vaccine and therapeutic strategies during a pandemic

R16. Consider alert systems that are better adapted to serious and rare diseases in children

6. Concerted and international scientific research into medicines

R17. Rapidly define priority questions in a concerted manner at national, European and international levels

R18. Provide the means to respond rapidly to priority research areas using scientific protocols that meet quality criteria defined in consultation with methodologists

7. Interdisciplinary intervention research (public health, social sciences and humanities) on behavior and its environment

R19. Develop multidisciplinary research programs on social factors, financing systems, organizational structures and processes, health technologies and personal behavior in accordance with the guidelines of the Medical Research Council for the management of global health trials (MRC, 2021)

-Improve knowledge of target populations at risk of severe disease

-Identify and prevent the impacts of a pandemic crisis on specific populations (e.g. disability, children, elderly people, etc.)

R20. Test pandemic control strategies (attitude—knowledge—behavior)

-Improve knowledge on individual and collective adherence to control measures

-Understand factors related to particular populations

R21. Assess the impact of the information crisis in the health crisis

R22. Promote Health services research. Research areas are individuals, families, organizations, institutions, communities and populations (Lohr and Steinwachs, 2002)

8. Professionalized communication

R23. Define specific strategies according to the political (decision) or scientific (knowledge) sender

R24. Integrate the ethical dimension and deontological imperatives into communication strategies

R25. Set up and provide training in public speaking and media training for professionals who have to speak in the context of a pandemic and officially represent their institution

9. Innovation and digital

R26. Ensure a scientific watch on innovations in terms of improving patient care and the quality of life of the general population

R27. Guarantee or facilitate access to digital services for all

R28. Reduce social inequalities in health through the democratization of innovations and digital technology

R29. Ensure the security (cyber security) of health data and information systems

10. Health and civil organizations

R30. Draw up business continuity plans and white plans that are as realistic as possible and adapted to pandemic situations

R31. Provide schools and universities with public health resources to deal with possible new epidemic episodes (help with prevention and screening, etc.)

R32. Develop training in contingency planning and cooperation for staff in organizations that will be managing responses to future health crises