Table 6 The impact of city heterogeneity variables on β convergence

β

-1.258***

(0.121)

-0.659***

(0.153)

-0.713***

(0.184)

-0.332***

(0.085)

-0.775***

(0.094)

-0.720**

(0.296)

ln_SIZE

0.086

(0.066)

-0.067

(0.062)

-0.064

(0.062)

-0.069

(0.060)

-0.068

(0.061)

0.052

(0.071)

ln_GDP

0.284***

(0.063)

0.219***

(0.069)

0.215***

(0.0640)

0.215***

(0.063)

0.222***

(0.064)

0.231***

(0.085)

ln_UR

0.228***

(0.077)

0.192**

(0.079)

0.232**

(0.115)

0.215***

(0.078)

0.173**

(0.080)

0.290

(0.203)

ln_GFC

0.168***

(0.046)

0.137***

(0.049)

0.140***

(0.049)

0.024

(0.055)

0.161***

(0.050)

0.047

(0.076)

ln_GFS

-0.042

(0.049)

-0.006

(0.055)

-0.001

(0.054)

0.050

(0.052)

0.076

(0.072)

-0.036

(0.093)

ln_SIZE × β

0.094***

(0.017)

0.079***

(0.019)

ln_GDP × β

0.003

(0.016)

-0.025

(0.039)

ln_UR × β

0.024

(0.050)

0.024

(0.104)

ln_GFC × β

-0.117***

(0.031)

-0.098**

(0.046)

ln_GFS × β

0.042*

(0.025)

-0.012

(0.061)

N

492

492

492

492

492

492

R²

0.607

0.580

0.580

0.593

0.583

0.613