Model | Absolute β convergence | Conditional β convergence | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(17) | (18) | (19) | (20) | (21) | (22) | (23) | (24) | |
β | -0.478*** (0.048) | -0.476*** (0.026) | -0.478*** (0.048) | -0.475*** (0.026) | -0.626*** (0.054) | -0.644*** (0.033) | -0.628*** (0.054) | -0.643*** (0.034) |
DHR | -0.044** (0.019) | -0.044** (0.018) | -0.063 (0.072) | -0.076 (0.052) | -0.028* (0.016) | -0.031* (0.018) | -0.001 (0.061) | -0.076 (0.056) |
DHR × β | -0.019 (0.057) | -0.032 (0.048) | 0.026 (0.051) | -0.044 (0.051) | ||||
W × β | -0.058 (0.277) | -0.076 (0.278) | ||||||
ρ/λ | 0.346** (0.155) | 0.358** (0.154) | 0.309* (0.162) | 0.312* (0.162) | ||||
N | 492 | 492 | 492 | 492 | 492 | 492 | 492 | 492 |
R2 | 0.533 | 0.278 | 0.533 | 0.277 | 0.582 | 0.000 | 0.582 | 0.008 |