Variable | Categorization | Remarks/ description |
---|---|---|
Exposure to newspapers or magazines | No and Yes | Yes, included those exposed to less than once and at least once a week and No included all those that reported no exposure to newspapers/magazines. |
Exposure to radio | No and Yes | Yes, included those exposed to less than once and at least once a week and No included all those that reported no exposure to radio. |
Exposure to television (TV) | No and Yes | Yes, included those exposed to less than once and at least once a week and No included all those that reported no exposure to TV. |
Access to internet | Yes and no | This was self-reported with yes for those who reported using internet while no for those who were not using internet |
Age | 15 to 24 years, 25 to 34 years and 35 to 49 years | This was a continuous variable that was later categorized. |
Residence | Urban and Rural | Â |
Region | North, East, South, West and Kigali | Â |
Household size | Less than 6 and above 6 | Based on the dataset average of 5.2 |
Parity | 1, 2–4 and 5 and above | This was a continuous variable that was later categorized. |
level of education | No education, primary, secondary, and tertiary | Â |
Working status | Yes and no | Â |
Wealth index | Richest, richer, middle, poorer, and poorest quintiles | Wealth index is a measure of relative household economic status and was calculated by DHS from information on household asset ownership using Principal Component Analysis [20], which was further categorized into poorest, poorer, middle, richer and richest quintiles. |
Having health insurance | Yes and no | Â |
Having been visited by a field health worker within the last 12 months | Yes and no |  |
Problems seeking permission to go to a health facility | No big problems and big problems | RDHS had three original self-reported categories (no problem, no big problem and big problem) however, after data collection, no woman reported no problem |
Problems with distance to the nearest health facility | No big problems and big problems | RDHS had three original self-reported categories (no problem, no big problem and big problem) however, after data collection, no woman reported no problem. |
Marital status | Married and not married | Married included both formal and informal unions and not-married included all women that were not in formal or informal unions. |
Place of ANC | Private and public health facilities | Private facilities included polyclinics, clinics, and dispensaries while public included referral and district hospitals, health centers, posts, and outreaches. These were combined due to the limited numbers in each sub-category. |
ANC quality | Adequate and inadequate | Adequate care was defined as having received all the available six components of ANC that included; having blood pressure measurement, urine, blood samples being taken, being given iron tablets/syrups, intestinal parasite drugs and having had at least two tetanus injections while inadequate was defined as having less than 6 components [27]. |
ANC frequency | 4 and above contacts and less than 4 contacts | 4 and above included all women who had utilized at least 4 ANC contacts and less 4 included those who has less than 4 ANC contacts. |
Place of childbirth | Home and health facility | Home birth included all women who had their childbirth at home/outside health facility while health facility birth included all births that occurred in a health facility [28]. |