Table 4 Multinomial logistic regression on changes in PA and PI levels by race, household income level, education level, sex, age, and physical disability and/or limitation. Relative risk ratios and p-values are shown in parentheses

Race (Ref: White)

African American

0.83 (0.27)

1.07 (0.27)

0.97 (0.67)

1.05 (0.67)

4.08 (0.00)^c

2.37 (0.00)^c

1.35 (0.00)^c

1.90 (0.00)^c

American Indian or Alaska Native

1.44 (0.54)

0.82 (0.50)

0.95 (0.86)

1.61 (0.18)

3.77 (0.00)^c

1.72 (0.08)^a

1.37 (0.35)

2.43 (0.06)^a

Asian or Pacific Islander

0.66 (0.22)

1.12 (0.31)

1.03 (0.77)

1.29 (0.12)

0.62 (0.15)

1.24 (0.13)

1.24 (0.13)

1.19 (0.53)

Household income (Ref: Below or near poverty level)

Low

0.80 (0.32)

1.09 (0.35)

1.10 (0.35)

0.82 (0.17)

0.77 (0.07)^a

0.82 (0.05)^b

0.74 (0.00)^c

0.57 (0.00)^c

Middle

0.86 (0.50)

0.96 (0.68)

1.15 (0.16)

0.85 (0.23)

0.64 (0.00)^c

0.66 (0.00)^c

0.57 (0.00)^c

0.35 (0.00)^c

High

1.69 (0.08)^a

1.17 (0.25)

1.18 (0.27)

0.61 (0.05)^a

0.37 (0.00)^c

0.59 (0.00)^c

0.50 (0.00)^c

0.33 (0.00)^c

Education (Ref: High school diploma)

No high school diploma

0.79 (0.36)

0.78 (0.01)^c

1.14 (0.31)

1.07 (0.72)

0.76 (0.11)

0.91 (0.49)

0.86 (0.25)

0.58 (0.00)^c

Sex (Ref: Male)

Female

0.38 (0.00)^c

0.65 (0.00)^c

0.82 (0.00)^c

0.55 (0.00)^c

0.48 (0.00)^c

0.60 (0.00)^c

0.65 (0.00)^c

0.59 (0.00)^c

Age

Continuous data

0.72 (0.00)^c

0.84 (0.00)^c

1.06 (0.00)^c

1.11 (0.00)^c

0.85 (0.00)^c

0.89 (0.00)^c

1.05 (0.02)^b

0.98 (0.46)

Disability (Ref: No disability)

Minimal

0.96 (0.92)

1.29 (0.05)^b

0.81 (0.23)

0.87 (0.59)

0.86 (0.61)

0.69 (0.08)^a

0.96 (0.83)

1.31 (0.37)

Mild

2.09 (0.11)

0.91 (0.71)

0.89 (0.66)

1.55 (0.17)

0.75 (0.58)

0.54 (0.12)

0.87 (0.67)

0.85 (0.78)

Moderate/Severe

0.00 (0.00)^c

0.80 (0.35)

0.69 (0.17)

0.86 (0.69)

0.89 (0.80)

1.54 (0.07)^a

0.95 (0.86)

2.25 (0.02)^b