Table 4 Mean and standard deviations for WHODAS 2.0 domain and total scores by direct and indirect maternal morbidity status among postpartum women in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

WHODAS 2.0 domains

6^th week postpartum

12^th week postpartum

Any direct morbidity ^a

Any indirect morbidity ^b

Any direct morbidity ^a

Any indirect morbidity ^b

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Total WHODAS: Mean (SD)

23.73 (12.22)

12.13(15.07)

25.48(11.20)

12.37(14.96)

13.43(9.99)

8.44(13.44)

14.22(9.02)

8.53(13.42)

95%CI

22.22, 25.24

10.84, 13.43

23.96, 27.00

11.13, 13.60

12.19, 14.66

7.29, 9.60

12.99, 15.44

7.42, 9.64

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Cognition: Mean (SD)

10.44(3.24)

8.60(4.27)

10.83(3.18)

8.59(4.18)

8.90(2.46)

8.28(3.94)

9.09(2.46)

8.26(3.84)

95%CI

10.04, 10.84

8.23, 8.97

10.40, 11.26

8.25, 8.94

8.59, 9.20

7.95, 8.62

8.75, 9.42

7.94, 8.58

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.023

0.004

Mobility: Mean (SD)

11.52(4.02)

8.30(4.38)

11.96(3.98)

8.37(4.33)

7.25(2.81)

7.03(3.54)

7.29(2.69)

9.33(4.53)

95%CI

11.02, 12.02

7.92, 8.67

11.42, 12.50

8.02, 8.73

6.90, 7.59

6.72, 7.33

6.93, 7.66

9.00, 9.65

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.389

0.325

Selfcare: Mean (SD)

7.71(2.54)

6.26(3.39)

7.89(2.48)

6.30(3.34)

5.80(2.04)

5.40(2.77)

5.83(1.85)

5.42(2.78)

95%CI

7.39, 8.02

5.97, 6.55

7.55, 8.22

6.03, 6.58

5.55, 6.05

5.17, 5.64

5.58, 6.08

5.19, 5.65

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.045

0.046

Getting along with people: Mean (SD)

9.91(3.55)

7.21(3.77)

10.49(3.36)

7.19(3.73)

9.33(3.26)

6.86(3.36)

9.78(3.12)

6.87(3.33)

95%CI

9.47, 10.35

6.88, 7.53

10.04, 10.95

6.89, 7.50

8.93, 9.73

6.57, 7.14

9.35, 10.20

6.60, 7.15

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Life activities: Mean (SD)

10.44(3.73)

7.20(3.66)

10.72(3.77)

7.34(3.66)

6.92(2.92)

5.79(3.10)

7.05(2.92)

5.82(3.08)

95%CI

9.98, 10.91

6.89, 7.51

10.21, 11.23

7.04, 7.64

6.56, 7.28

5.52(6.05)

6.65, 7.44

5.57, 6.08

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Participation: Mean (SD)

13.12(4.03)

10.69(5.10)

13.55(3.90)

10.72(5.03)

11.04(3.47)

10.07(4.05)

11.18(3.23)

10.09(4.08)

95%CI

12.62, 13.62

10.26, 11.13

13.02, 14.08

10.30, 11.13

10.61, 11.47

9.72, 10.42

10.74, 11.61

9.76, 10.43

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.001

0.001

18^th week postpartum

WHODAS 2.0 domains

Any direct morbidity ^a

Any indirect morbidity ^b

Yes

No

Yes

No

Total WHODAS: Mean (SD)

10.03(9.83)

7.46(12.82)

10.54(8.97)

7.47(12.83)

95%CI

8.82, 11.25

6.36, 8.56

9.32, 11.76

6.41, 8.53

P-value

0.005

0.001

Cognition: Mean (SD)

8.50(2.38)

7.98(3.58)

8.66(2.33)

7.96(3.51)

95%CI

8.20, 8.79

7.67, 8.28

8.34, 8.97

7.67, 8.25

P-value

0.037

0.007

Mobility: Mean (SD)

6.24(2.38)

6.60(3.19)

6.17(2.14)

6.60(3.20)

95%CI

5.95, 6.54

6.33, 6.87

5.88, 6.46

6.34, 6.86

P-value

0.114

0.072

Self-care: Mean (SD)

5.31(1.87)

5.06(2.24)

5.30(1.76)

5.08(2.25)

95%CI

5.08, 5.54

4.86, 5.25

5.07, 5.54

4.89, 5.26

P-value

0.119

0.184

Getting along with people: Mean (SD)

8.66(3.25)

6.69(3.20)

9.04(3.19)

6.70(3.18)

95%CI

8.26, 9.06

6.42, 6.97

8.61, 9.47

6.43, 9.96

P-value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Life activities: Mean (SD)

5.75(2.51)

5.45(2.79)

5.83(2.42)

5.44(2.80)

95%CI

5.44, 6.06

5.21, 5.69

5.50, 6.16

5.21, 5.67

P-value

0.150

0.075

Participation: Mean (SD)

10.39(3.54)

9.86(3.76)

10.47(3.32)

9.87(3.82)

95%CI

9.95, 10.83

9.54, 10.19

10.02, 10.92

9.56, 10.19

P-value

0.063

0.047