Community—Minimal Invasive Tissue Sampling (cMITS) using a modified ambulance for ascertaining the cause of death: A novel approach piloted in a remote inaccessible rural area in India

Satav, Ashish; Wairagkar, Niteen; Khirwadkar, Shubhada; Dani, Vibhawari; Rasaily, Reeta; Agrawal, Usha; Thakar, Yagnesh; Raje, Dhananjay; Siraj, Fouzia; Garge, Pradyot; Palaskar, Sameer; Kumbhare, Shraddha; Simões, Eric A. F.

doi:10.1186/s13690-023-01062-x

Archives of Public Health

Table 3 Causes of deaths (1^st May 2020 to 30^th April 2021) (Dharni Block of Amaravati district)

From: Community—Minimal Invasive Tissue Sampling (cMITS) using a modified ambulance for ascertaining the cause of death: A novel approach piloted in a remote inaccessible rural area in India

a: Causes of deaths (Without PCR)
Parameter			Categories				Number			%
Sample collection [16]			Cryovial lungs				16			100
			Cryovial brain				16			100
			Cryovial liver				7			43.75
			CSF^a				16			100
			Nasopharyngeal swab				14			87. 5
Clinical cause of death			Pneumonia				3			18.75
[16]			COVID-19, ARDS^b, Hypoxia				4			25
			Still birth				2			12.5
			Brought dead				2			12.5
			Dengue				1			6.25
			Unknown				4			25
CSF Culture [16]			Staphylococcus Aureus				3			18.75
			Klebsiella Pneumonia				1			6.25
			Escherichia coli				1			6.25
Blood Culture [14]			Alpha Haemolytic Streptococcus				1			7.14
			No growth				13			92.86
HIV^c			Positive				1			6.25
Malaria			Vivax positive				1			6.25
Dengue			Positive				1			6.25
b: The link between clinical cause of death and MITS cause of death, to show the added value of MITS
S. No	MITS KIT ID. No	AGE (Days /Months / Yrs.)	Immediate cause of death	Blood culture (growth after 5 days)	CSF culture	HIV	Malaria	Dengue	Nasal swab PCR	Lung PCR
1	108–002	1 day	Aspiration Pneumonia	No growth		Negative	Negative	N/A	K. pneumoniae	Negative
2	108–003	1.5 month	Pneumonia	No growth		Negative	Negative	N/A	NA	M. catarrhalis
3	108–004	still birth	Still birth	No growth		Positive	P. Vivax (Positive)	N/A	Negative	Negative
4	108–005	6 days		No growth		Negative	Negative	N/A	K. pneumoniae	K. pneumoniae
5	108–006	19 years	Brought death		Klebsiella pneumonia	Negative	Negative	Positive	NA	Negative
6	108–007	2 days		No growth	Klebsiella Pneumonia	Negative	Negative	N/A	Negative	K. pneumoniae
7	108–008	45 years	Dengue	No growth	No growth	Negative	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
8	108–009	still birth	Still birth	No report	No report	Negative	Negative	N/A	S. aureus	Negative
9	108–010	1 month		No growth		Negative	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
10	108–011	2 Day		No report	No report	Negative	Negative	N/A	K. pneumoniae	K. pneumoniae
S. No	MITS KIT ID.No	AGE (Days /Months / Yrs.)	Immediate cause of death	Blood culture (growth after 5 days)	CSF culture	HIV	Malaria	Dengue	Nasal swab PCR	Lung PCR
11	108–012	45 years	Brought death	Alpha Haemolytic Streptococcus	No growth	Negative	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
12	108–013	11 months	Pneumonia	No growth	Staphylococcus Aureus	Negative	Negative	N/A	Rhinovirus + K. pneumoniae	Negative
13	108–014	65 Year	Covid-19 (positive)	No growth	Staphylococcus Aureus	Negative	Negative	N/A	Negative	Negative
14	108–015	18 years	Covid ??	No growth		No report	No report	N/A	H. influenzae	Negative
15	108–016	55 years	ARDS with severe Hypoxia			Negative	Negative	N/A	NA	Negative
16	108–017	70 years	ARDS with severe Hypoxia			Negative	Negative	N/A	NA	Negative

^aCSF Cerebrospinal fluid
^bARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome
^cHIV Human immunodeficiency syndrome

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ISSN: 2049-3258

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