Smoking is associated with elevated blood level of volatile organic compounds: a population-based analysis of NHANES 2017–2018

Table 3 Multivariable linear regression model of 6 VOCs

variate	2,5-Dimethylfuran			Benzene			Benzonitrile			1,4-Dichlorobenzene			Furan			Isobutyronitrile
variate	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p	β	95%CI	p
Intercept	0.004	−0.022 ~ 0.030	0.760	0.017	−0.034 ~ 0.068	0.522	0.113	0.084 ~ 0.143	< 0.001	0.521	−0.844 ~ 1.885	0.454	0.015	0.004 ~ 0.027	0.010	0.022	0.007 ~ 0.037	0.005
Sex	-0.001	−0.009 ~ 0.008	0.881	-0.007	−0.024 ~ 0.009	0.405	-0.010	−0.020 ~−0.001	0.034	-0.168	−0.608 ~ 0.273	0.456	0.000	−0.003 ~ 0.004	0.864	-0.002	−0.007 ~ 0.003	0.439
Age	0.000	0.000 ~ 0.001	0.011	0.001	0.000 ~ 0.002	< 0.001	0.000	0.000 ~ 0.001	0.084	0.022	0.007 ~ 0.037	0.005	0.000	0.000 ~ 0.000	0.001	0.000	0.000 ~ 0.000	0.345
Dual-smoking	0.057	0.046 ~ 0.068	< 0.001	0.109	0.088 ~ 0.131	< 0.001	0.019	0.007 ~ 0.031	0.003	-0.503	−1.082 ~ 0.076	0.089	0.029	0.024 ~ 0.034	< 0.001	0.015	0.009 ~ 0.022	< 0.001
E-Cigarette	0.023	0.001 ~ 0.044	0.042	0.026	−0.018 ~ 0.069	0.248	0.009	−0.016 ~ 0.034	0.476	0.820	−0.337 ~ 1.978	0.165	0.005	−0.004 ~ 0.015	0.281	0.004	−0.009 ~ 0.017	0.586
Combustible- smoking	0.030	0.020 ~ 0.040	< 0.001	0.051	0.031 ~ 0.070	< 0.001	0.021	0.010 ~ 0.033	< 0.001	-0.183	−0.710 ~ 0.344	0.496	0.013	0.009 ~ 0.017	< 0.001	0.014	0.008 ~ 0.020	< 0.001
Having access to VOCs from any source	-0.009	−0.026 ~ 0.007	0.265	-0.190	−0.052 ~ 0.014	0.254	0.003	−0.016 ~ 0.022	0.736	-0.393	−1.273 ~ 0.487	0.381	-0.005	−0.013 ~ 0.002	0.165	0.006	−0.004 ~ 0.016	0.243

ISSN: 2049-3258