Efficacy and safety of different regimens in the treatment of patients with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Assefa, Dawit Getachew; Bedru, Ahmed; Zeleke, Eden Dagnachew; Negash, Solomon Emiru; Debela, Dejene Tolossa; Molla, Wondowsen; Mengistu, Nebiyu; Woldesenbet, Tigist Tekle; Bedane, Neway Fekede; Kajogoo, Violet Dismas; Atim, Mary Gorret; Manyazewal, Tsegahun

doi:10.1186/s13690-023-01098-z

Archives of Public Health

Table 1 Characteristics of included RCTs published between 1993–2022

From: Efficacy and safety of different regimens in the treatment of patients with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Study ID	Country	Type of patients	Age				Sex		Randomization								PTFT	Rx Mode
Study ID	Country	Type of patients	Age				Male	Female	Randomization								PTFT	Rx Mode
Pape, 1993 [35]	Haiti	PLWHIV	12H		Placebo		27	91	12H	Placebo							2 years	N/A
Pape, 1993 [35]	Haiti	PLWHIV	Mean 31.1 years		Mean 30.6 years		27	91	58	60							2 years	N/A
Cowie, 1996 [36]	Canada	Silicosis	RHZ		Placebo		382	0	3RHZ	Placebo							4 years	DOT
Cowie, 1996 [36]	Canada	Silicosis	Mean 47.0 years		Mean 47.3 years		382	0	191	191							4 years	DOT
Gordin, 1997 [37]	USA	PLWHIV	6H		Placebo		322	195	6H	Placebo							2 ½ years	N/A
Gordin, 1997 [37]	USA	PLWHIV	Mean 37.4 years		Mean 38.2 years		322	195	260	257							2 ½ years	N/A
Hawken, 1997 [11]	Kenya	PLWHIV	6H		Placebo		269	415	6H	Placebo							2 years	Self administered
Hawken, 1997 [11]	Kenya	PLWHIV	Mean 31.1 years		Mean 31.1 years		269	415	342	342							2 years	Self administered
Whalen, 1997 [38]	Uganda	PLWHIV	6H	3RH	3RHZ	Placebo	854	1882	6H	3RH	3RHZ					Placebo	2 ½ years	Self administered
			Mean 29 years	Mean 29 years	Mean 29 years	Mean 30 years			931	556	462					787
			Mean 31 years		Mean 31 years				370	380
Alfaro, 2000 [39]	Spain	PLWHIV	12H		3RH		102	31	12H	3RH							2 years	Self administered
Alfaro, 2000 [39]	Spain	PLWHIV	Mean 32.2 years		Mean 32.2 years		102	31	64	69							2 years	Self administered
Fitzgerald, 2000 [40]	Haiti	PLWHIV	6H		Placebo		111	116	6H	Placebo							2 years	Self administered
Fitzgerald, 2000 [40]	Haiti	PLWHIV	Mean 32 years		Mean 31.5 years		111	116	119	114							2 years	Self administered
HKCS, 2001 [41]	China	Silicosis	6H	3RH	3R	Placebo	N/A	N/A	6H	3RH		3R			Placebo		2–5 years	Self administered
HKCS, 2001 [41]	China	Silicosis	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	173	167		172			167		2–5 years	Self administered
Johnson, 2001 [15]	Uganda	PLWHIV	6H	3RH	3RHZ	Placebo	N/A	N/A	6H	3RH		3RHZ			Placebo		5 years	Self administered
Johnson, 2001 [15]	Uganda	PLWHIV	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	931	556		462			787		5 years	Self administered
Quigley, 2001 [42]	Zambia	PLWHIV	9H	3RZ	Placebo		47	53	9H	3RZ		Placebo					3–7 years	Self administered
			N/A	N/A	N/A				26	46		28
			N/A		N/A
Menzies, 2004 [43]	Canada	Households contacts	4R		9H		55	51	4R	9H							2 years	Self administered
			Mean 32.9 years		Mean 34.8 years				58	58
			Mean 37.7 years		Mean 37.0 years				206	193
Zar, 2006 [44]	South Africa	PLWHIV	6H		Placebo		145	118	6H	Placebo							2 years	N/A
Zar, 2006 [44]	South Africa	PLWHIV	Median 29.6 months		Median 22.1 months		145	118	132	131							2 years	N/A
Geijo, 2007 [45]	Spain	Households contacts and evidence radiological of previous tuberculosis	6H		3RH		53	43	6H	3RH							5 years	N/A
Geijo, 2007 [45]	Spain		Median 44.16 years		Median 41.38 years		53	43	45	51							5 years	N/A
Mohammed, 2007 [46]	South Africa	PLWHIV	12H		Placebo		58	60	12H	Placebo							2 years	Patient nominated suppervisor
Mohammed, 2007 [46]	South Africa	PLWHIV	Mean 39.7 years		Mean 37.8 years		58	60	68	50							2 years	Patient nominated suppervisor
Rivero, 2007 [47]	Spain	PLWHIV	6H	3RH	2RZ		251	61	6H	3RH	2RZ						2 years	self administered
Rivero, 2007 [47]	Spain	PLWHIV	Median 31.3 years	Median 33.0 years	Median 33.0 years		251	61	108	103	105						2 years	self administered
Spyridis, 2007 [48]	Greek	Households contacts and evidence radiological of previous tuberculosis	4RH	3RH	9H		476	450	4RH	3RH	9H						≧ 3 years	self administered
Spyridis, 2007 [48]	Greek		Mean 9.1 years	Mean 8.8 years	Mean 7.9 years		476	450	474	220	232						≧ 3 years	self administered
Menzies, 2008 [20]	Canada, Saudi Arabia, and Brazil	Households contacts	4R		9H		446	400	4R	9H							1 year	N/A
Menzies, 2008 [20]	Canada, Saudi Arabia, and Brazil	Households contacts	N/A		N/A		446	400	420	427							1 year	N/A
Trajman, 2009 [49]	Canada, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia	Households contacts	Median 33 years				N/A	N/A	4R	9H							4 months	self administered
Trajman, 2009 [49]	Canada, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia	Households contacts	Median 33 years				N/A	N/A	420	427							4 months	self administered
Madhi, 2011 [50]	South Africa	PLWHIV and HIV exposed children	24H		Placebo		648	705	24H	Placebo							2 years	N/A
Madhi, 2011 [50]	South Africa	PLWHIV and HIV exposed children	Median 96.5 weeks		Median 95.5 weeks		648	705	676	677							2 years	N/A
Martinson, 2011[51]	South Africa	PLWHIV	3HP	3RH	72H	6H	192	956	3HP	3RH	72H			6H			≦ 6 years	DOT & self administered
Martinson, 2011[51]	South Africa	PLWHIV	Median 30.3 years	Median 30.5 years	Median 30.2 years	Median 30.4 years	192	956	329	329	164			328			≦ 6 years	DOT & self administered
Sterling, 2011 [21]	USA, Canada, Brazil, and Spain	Households contacts and evidence radiological of previous tuberculosis	3HP		9H		4214	3517	3HP	9H							33 months	self administered
Sterling, 2011 [21]	USA, Canada, Brazil, and Spain		Mean 36		Mean 35		4214	3517	3986	3745							33 months	self administered
Chan, 2012 [52]	Taiwan	Prison inmates	6H		4R		373	0	6H	4R							2 months	DOT
Chan, 2012 [52]	Taiwan	Prison inmates	N/A		N/A		373	0	183	190							2 months	DOT
Fuentes, 2012 [19]	Spain	Immigrant population	6H		3RH		400	190	6H	3RH							5 years	self administered
Fuentes, 2012 [19]	Spain	Immigrant population	Mean 26.1 years		Mean 26.1 years		400	190	294	296							5 years	self administered
Swaminathan, 2012 [53]	India	PLWHIV	6EH		36H		263	420	6EH	36H							3.5 years	self administered
Swaminathan, 2012 [53]	India	PLWHIV	Mean 29.9 years		Mean 30.2 years		263	420	344	339							3.5 years	self administered
White, 2012 [54]	USA	Prison inmates	4R		9H		339	25	4R	9H							N/A	DOT
White, 2012 [54]	USA	Prison inmates	N/A		N/A		339	25	180	184							N/A	DOT
Gray, 2013 [55]	South Africa	PLWHIV	6H		Placebo		83	84	6H	Placebo							6.6 years	self administered
			6H		Placebo				85	82
			Median 32 months		Median 38 months				85	82
Villarino, 2015 [22]	USA, Canada, Brazil, Hong Kong (China), and Spain	Children with recent household contact	3HP		9H		538	520	3HP	9H							33 months	DOT
Villarino, 2015 [22]	USA, Canada, Brazil, Hong Kong (China), and Spain	Children with recent household contact	Median 10 years		Median 12 Years		538	520	552	506							33 months	DOT
Sterling, 2014 [24]	USA, Brazil, Spain, Peru, Canada, and Hong Kong	Households contacts and evidence radiological of previous tuberculosis	3HP		9H		N/A	N/A	3HP	9H							1 month	DOT
Sterling, 2014 [24]	USA, Brazil, Spain, Peru, Canada, and Hong Kong		N/A		N/A		N/A	N/A	3893	3659							1 month	DOT
Moro, 2016 [23]	USA and Brazil	Households contacts and evidence radiological of previous tuberculosis	N/A		N/A		3352	2563	3HP	9H							3 months	DOT
Moro, 2016 [23]	USA and Brazil		N/A		N/A		3352	2563	3230	3002							3 months	DOT
Sterling, 2016 [25]	United States, Brazil, Spain, Peru, Canada, and Hong Kong	PLWHIV	3HP		9H		277	122	3HP	9H							6 years	DOT and self administered
Sterling, 2016 [25]	United States, Brazil, Spain, Peru, Canada, and Hong Kong	PLWHIV	Median 36 years		Median 36 years		277	122	206	193							6 years	DOT and self administered
Gao, 2018 [16]	China	Older people	Range 50–70 years				2054	1684	3HP	2HP TW			Placebo				2 years	DOT
Gao, 2018 [16]	China	Older people	Range 50–70 years				2054	1684	1284	1299			1155				2 years	DOT
Moro, 2018[56]	USA, Canada, Spain, Peru, and Brazil	Pregnant women	9H		3HP			87	9H	3HP							33 months	DOT and self administered
Moro, 2018[56]	USA, Canada, Spain, Peru, and Brazil	Pregnant women	Median 25 years		Median 23 Years			87	56	31							33 months	DOT and self administered
Sun, 2018 [57]	Taiwan	Households contacts	3HP		9H		152	111	3HP	9H							2 years	DOT
Sun, 2018 [57]	Taiwan	Households contacts	Mean 31.7 years		Mean 32 years		152	111	132	131							2 years	DOT
Swindells, 2019 [26]	Africa, Asia, South America, North America, and the Caribbean	PLWHIV	1HP		9H		1386	1614	1HP	9H
Swindells, 2019 [26]		PLWHIV	Median 35 years		Median 35 years		1386	1614	1496	1504							4.5 years	Self administered
Ruan, 2020 [12]	China	Silicosis	Placebo		3HP		N/A	N/A	Placebo	3HP							37 months	DOT
Ruan, 2020 [12]	China	Silicosis	Median 57 years		Median 57 years		N/A	N/A	259	254							37 months	DOT
Surey, 2021 [58]	United Kingdom	Households contacts	3HP		3RH		26	26	3HP	3RH							2 months	Self administered
Surey, 2021 [58]	United Kingdom	Households contacts	Mean 38.2 years		Mean 32.5 years		26	26	27	25							2 months	Self administered

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