Nutrient
|
Age
|
Reference values
|
Mean (SD)
|
Median (SE)
|
% > UL/AMDRUL(SE)
|
---|
Protein*
|
< 4 years
|
10 - 15%
|
16,4 (2.1)
|
16,3 (0.2)
|
75 (5.0)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
15,3 (2.1)
|
15,2 (0.2)
|
53 (3.0)
|
Saturated fatty
|
< 4 years
|
8 - 12%
|
13,4 (2.7)
|
13,3 (0.3)
|
69 (4.0)
|
acids*
|
≥ 4 years
| |
13,4 (1.9)
|
13,4 (0.2)
|
77 (4.0)
|
Simple
|
< 4 years
|
< 15%£
|
30,7 (5.3)
|
30,6 (0.6)
|
100 -
|
carbohydrates*
|
≥ 4 years
| |
31,4 (5.2)
|
31,3 (0.4)
|
100 -
|
Food group
|
Age
|
FBDG
|
Mean (SD)
|
Median (SE)
|
%> FBDG
UL
(SE)
|
Restgroup (snacks/desserts)†
|
< 4 years
|
restricted
|
46,8 (13.3)
|
45,1 (1.2)
|
36 (3.4)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
53,7 (16.4)
|
52,0 (1.0)
|
55 (2.3)
|
Restgroup (sugared drinks)‡
|
< 4 years
|
restricted
|
89,9 (106.2)
|
56,0 (9.5)
|
35 (3.4)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
123,7 (131.5)
|
72,0 (7.6)
|
40 (2.3)
|
Restgroup (fried potatoes)μ
|
< 4 years
|
restricted
|
12,6 (9.3)
|
11,4 (0.8)
|
36 (3.4)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
14,2 (6.0)
|
13,5 (0.3)
|
38 (2.3)
|
Restgroup (sauces)μ
|
< 4 years
|
restricted
|
12,5 (5.2)
|
13,1 (0.5)
|
34 (3.4)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
12,9 (4.5)
|
13,2 (0.3)
|
32 (2.2)
|
Restgroup (sweet spreads)μ
|
< 4 years
|
restricted
|
14,4 (8.8)
|
12,4 (0.8)
|
38 (3.5)
|
|
≥ 4 years
| |
14,4 (8.7)
|
13,2 (0.5)
|
41 (2.3)
|
- a Only nutrients and food groups for which the percentage of children with excessive intakes was > 30% are presented.
- * Percentage of total energy intake supplied by the respective nutrient and its recommendation expressed as acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR).
- † Sweet deserts (e.g. ice cream, tiramisu), sweet snacks, salty snacks (e.g. chips), chocolate, and brioches. Although the recommendation is to limit these food products, the percentage given in the column > FBDGUL are children consuming more than 50 g/d of these snacks.
- ‡ Sugared drinks (e.g. tea with sugar added) and softdrinks, but no fruit juices. Although the recommendation is to limit these food products, the percentage given in the column > FBDGUL are children consuming more than 100 ml/d of these sugared drinks.
-
μ Although the recommendation is to limit these food products, the percentage given in the column > FBDGUL are children consuming more than 15 g/d of these sauces.
- £No national recommendations are available for simple carbohydrates. Therefore, intakes were compared with a reference value of 15 precent of total energy intake.
- Upper level (UL)
- Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG)
- n (< 4 years old) 197, n (≥4 years old) 465