Figure 2

Human brain enlargement and probable co-adaptations to manage increasing energy use. Progressive encephalisation meant increased energy consumption by the human brain. Co-adaptations were required, to conserve, and economise, on energy and increase energy uptake. The blue boxes indicate various human-specific adaptations to conserve energy, and the red boxes, to increase energy uptake. Figure adapted from resources at the Muséum d’ Aix-en-Provence 2001 [12].