Table 3 Comparing differences between crude analysis (simple logistic regression) and adjusted analysis (multiple logistic regression) on factors associated with anaemic children under-five, in Ghana, 2011

Covariates/exposure

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95%)

p-value

NHIS membership (main exposure variable)

  No

1

1

1

0.000^***

  Yes

0.59 (0.49-0.72)

0.000^***

0.36 (0.23-0.55)

Sex

  Male

1

1

1

0.286

  Female

0.74 (0.63-0.88)

0.001^**

0.79 (0.51-1.22)

Age in months

  6–11

1

0.034^*

1

0.638

  12–23

1.25 (0.91-1.71)

0.69 (0.15-0.19)

  24–35

0.70 (0.50-0.97)

0.51 (0.12-2.16)

  36–47

0.62 (0.48-0.84)

0.51 (0.13-2.06)

  48-59

0.51 (0.36-0.71)

0.30 (0.07-1.28)

Mothers education

  None

1

0.000^***

1

0.02*

  Primary

0.70 (0.55-0.89)

0.83 (0.63-1.10)

  Secondary

0.45 (0.36-0.57)

0.64 (0.49-0.83)

  Tertiary

0.33 (0.24-0.47)

0.68 (0.45-1.02)

Geographic location

  Rural

1

1

1

0.396

  Urban

0.53 (0.46-0.65)

0.000^***

0.79 (0.47-1.35)

Socioeconomic status

  Poorest

1

0.000^***

1

0.000^***

  Second

0.63 (0.49-0.18)

0.66 (0.37-1.18)

  Middle

0.46 (0.34-0.63)

0.37 (0.20-0.69)

  Fourth

0.33 (0.24-0.45)

0.39 (0.20-0.76)

  Richest

0.21 (0.15-0.28)

0.13 (0.07-0.25)