Table 4 Factors associated with anemia among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care clinic in Asossa Zone Public Health Institutions, northwest Ethiopia, 2016 (n = 761)

  < 20

1.00

1.00

 20–24

0.63 (0.37,1.08)

0.63 (0.31,1.27)

 25–29

0.59 (0.344, 0.99)

0.39 (0.18, 0.85)^*

 30–34

0.79 (0.44, 1.43)

0.34 (0.14, 0.86)^*

  ≥ 35

1.53 (0.74, 3.18)

0.47(0.15,1.49)

 No formal education

2.50 (1.68, 3.74)

0.67 (0.32, 1.40)

 Primary education (1–8)

1.56 (0.92, 2.65)

0.93 (0.42, 2.03)

 Secondary education (9–12)

0.94 (0.54, 1.62)

0.98 (0.46, 2.10)

 Certificate and above

1.00

1.00

 House wife

1.00

1.00

 Government employee

0.61 (0.42, 0.89)

0.93 (0.48, 1.82)

 Self employed

0.64 (0.32, 1.23)

1.63 (0.72, 3.73)

 Others

0.23 (0.05, 0.99)

0.78 (0.16, 3.88)

 Currently married

1.00

1.00

 Currently unmarried

1.97(0.99, 3.94)

2.25 (0.94, 5.36)

 Urban

1.00

1.00

 Rural

2.37(1.68, 3.35)

0.66 (0.33,1.30)

  ≤ 2

1.00

1.00

 3–5

1.91(1.32, 2.76)

2.30 (1.06, 4.99)^*

  ≥ 6

4.21(2.60, 6.81)

4.27(1.58,11.50)^**

 Poor

1.00

1.00

 Medium

0.55 (0.37, 0.79)

0.77 (0.47,1.28)

 Rich

0.85 (0.58,1.25)

1.44 (0.79, 2.62)

  ≥ 4 Times

1.00

1.00

 3 Times

1.74 (1.21, 2.50)

0.68 (0.42, 1.11)

 2 Times

3.32 (2.00, 5.54)

0.94 (0.45, 1.96)

  ≥ Once per week

1.00

1.00

 None

2.52 (1.84, 3.45)

1.80 (1.11, 2.91)^*

  ≥ Once per week

1.00

1.00

 None

3.12 (2.24, 4.34)

1.96 (1.19, 3.23)^**

  > Twice per week

1.00

1.00

 Twice per week

1.43 (0.88, 2.34)

1.01 (0.57, 1.79)

 Once per week

2.96 (1.82, 4.82)

2.14 (1.20, 3.81)^*

 None

10.9 (6.29,18.73)

3.29 (1.59, 6.82)^**

 Every day

1.00

1.00

 Once per week

2.46 (0.71, 8.57)

2.43 (0.63, 9.34)

  ≥ Twice per week

1.56 (0.43, 5.65)

1.73 (0.43, 6.87)

 Once per month

6.67(1.90, 23.36)

2.35 (0.58, 9.54)

 Never

3.45 (0.99,11.99)

1.44 (0.36, 5.80)

 Injera

1.00

1.00

 Porridge

1.95 (1.34, 2.84)

1.33 (0.71, 2.49)

 Poor

1.00

1.00

 Medium

0.38 (0.26, 0.55)

0.58 (0.36, 0.93)^*

 High

0.51(0.33, 0.77)

1.03 (0.59, 1.80)

  ≤ 21 cm

8.50 (5.37,13.47)

7.38 (4.20, 12.90)^***

  ≥ 22 cm

1.00

1.00

 Gravida–One

1.00

1.00

 Gravida–Two

1.67(1.11, 2.52)

0.46 (0.07, 2.79)

 Gravida–Three and above

2.15 (1.48, 3.13)

0.51(0.06, 4.54)

 Null–Parous

1.00

1.00

 Para–One to Two

1.83(1.22, 2.76)

3.98 (0.61, 25.98)

 Para–Three and above

2.29 (1.57, 3.33)

3.54 (0.37, 34.25)

 1st Trimester

1.00

1.00

 2nd Trimester

0.62 (0.41, 0.94)

0.61(0.36, 1.04)

 3rd Trimester

0.38 (0.23, 0.57)

0.33 (0.2, 0.57)^***

  < 2

1.00

1.00

  ≥ 2

0.59 (0.40, 0.87)

0.59 (0.34, 0.99)^*

 Yes

1.00

1.00

 No

0.59 (0.39, 0.91)

1.19 (0.68,2.09)