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Table 5  Results from multivariate analysis for the outcomes ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm prevalence (n = 521)

From: Association between water and sanitation and soil-transmitted helminthiases: Analysis of the Brazilian National Survey of Prevalence (2011–2015)

 

Ascariasis

Trichuriasis

Hookworm

Variable

RR (CI 95 %)

P-value

RR (CI 95 %)

P-value

RR (CI 95 %)

P-value

Non endemic– 0

Reference

Low – 1

0.765 (0.562–1.042)

0.089*

0.693 (0.481–0.998)

0.048

0.994 (0.681–1.451)

0.973*

High – 2

1.226 (0.859–1.751)

0.262*

1.667 (1.096–2.536)

0.017

1.570 (1.016–2.426)

0.042

Natural log of Population in 2010

1.125 (1.016–1.246)

0.024

1.037 (0.912–1.181)

0.577*

1.180 (1.035–1.345)

0.013

Northeast Region – 0

Reference

North Region – 1

0.630 (0.414–0.959)

0.031

0.915 (0.589–1.424)

0.695*

0.999 (0.660–1.512)

0.996*

Southeast Region – 2

0.523 (0.347–0.787)

0.002

0.463 (0.282–0.760)

0.002

0.448 (0.276–0.726)

0.001

South Region – 3

0.520 (0.288–0.939)

0.030

0.551 (0.278–1.094)

0.089*

0.107 (0.042–0.270)

< 0.001

Midwest Region − 4

0.186 (0.095–0.364)

< 0.001

0.068 (0.028–0.164)

< 0.001

0.262 (0.117–0.587)

0.001

Federal District Region – 5

0.067 (0.006–0.811)

0.034

0.012 (0.001–0.256)

0.005

0.044 (0.002–1.076)

0.055*

% Schools with filtered water

0.989 (0.983–0.996)

0.001

0.986 (0.979–0.993)

< 0.001

-

-

% Schools served with adequate sanitation

0.988 (0.977–0.998)

0.019

-

-

-

-

% Municipality’s urbanization

1.008 (1.000–1.015)

0.045

1.014 (1.005–1.022)

0.002

-

-

% Population served by Bolsa Família Program

1.021 (1.010–1.032)

< 0.001

1.022 (1.009–1.034)

0.001

1.031 (1.018–1.043)

< 0.001

% Population served by primary health care services

-

-

0.990 (0.983–0.997)

0.006

-

-

% Population served with adequate sanitation at home

-

-

-

-

0.989 (0.982–0.996)

0.003

Model’s constant (intercept)

0.0422 (0.0062–0.2875)

0.001

0.050 (0.0064–0.394)

0.004

0.0018 ( 0.0003–0.0102)

< 0.001

  1. * Not statistically significant at 5 % level. RR Rate Ratio