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Fig. 3 | Archives of Public Health

Fig. 3

From: Conceptual causal framework to assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 variants on COVID-19 disease severity among hospitalized patients

Fig. 3

Conceptual framework to assess the causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 variants and COVID-19 disease severity among hospitalized patients presented in a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) in the scenario of selection bias. CONFOUNDERS = all other confounders as listed in the DAG in Fig. 1. E = error term. U = unmeasured confounders

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Archives of Public Health

ISSN: 2049-3258