Table 4 Pollutants median values (μg/L) measured in urine and serum from different worldwide populations
Year of collection | Population | Parabens in urine | Perfluoroalkyl substances in serum | Alkylphosphates in urine | BPA in urine | TCS in urine | Reference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MeP | EP | PrP | PFOS | PFOA | DEP | DETP | |||||
2013 | Belgium,adult,population, N = 261 | 16.1 | 1.7 | 1.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | [20] |
2011 | Danish, mother, N = 145 | 14 | 0.89 | 1.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | [30] |
2010–2011 | Spain, Young men, N = 215 | 17 | 1.8 | 0.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | [33] |
2012 | Tunisia, women, N = 34 | 34.94 | 1.77 | 3.06 | – | – | – | – | – | – | [32] |
2015–2018 | Belgium, population, N = 237 | – | – | – | 3.61 | 1.6 | – | – | – | – | [48] |
2014–2016 | USA,adolescents exposed, N = 118 | – | – | – | 3.72 | 1.8 | – | – | – | – | [49] |
2012 | China, pregnant women, N = 141 | – | – | – | 4.31 | 3.95 | – | – | – | – | [50] |
2015 | Czech,adult population, N = 300 | – | – | – | 2.43 | 0.76 | – | – | – | – | [51] |
2015 | Belgium, children, N = 240 | – | – | – | – | – | 1.8 | – | – | – | [15] |
2006 | Thailand, famers, N = 136 | – | – | – | – | – | <LOQ | 1.2 | – | – | [37] |
2012–2016 | Jerusalem, Pregnant women, N = 273 | – | – | – | – | – | 2.72 | 0.55 | – | – | [38] |
2011 | Belgium, population, N = 131 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.46 | 2.24 | [17] |
2009 | Korea, adult population, N = 1870 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.07 | 1.53 | [40] |
2010–2011 | Murcia (Spain),Young men, N = 215* | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.3 | – | [41] |
2012 | Tunisia, women, N = 34 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.35 | – | [32] |
2011 | Danish, mother, N = 145 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.1 | 0.64 | [30] |
2019 | Kinshasa (DRC), population, N = 15 | 445.39 | 0.47 | 31.35 | 0.5 | 0.482 | 0.87 | <LOQ | 1.36 | 40.13 | Current study |