Table 3 Bivariate logistic regression results for factors associated with anemia among married women: Evidence from DHSs of 19 sub-Saharan African countries
Variables | cOR[95% CI] | P-value |
|---|---|---|
Age in years | ||
 15–19 | Ref |  |
 20–24 | 0.79 (0.63–0.99)* | 0.047 |
 25–29 | 0.79 (0.63–0.99)* | 0.041 |
 30–34 | 0.86 (0.68–1.08) | 0.197 |
 35–39 | 0.79 (0.64–0.98)* | 0.039 |
 40–44 | 0.86 (0.67–1.11) | 0.277 |
 45–49 | 0.73 (0.56–0.95)* | 0.021 |
Women’s educational level | ||
 No formal education | Ref |  |
 Primary school | 0.72 (0.60–0.86)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Secondary school | 0.49 (0.38–0.63)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Higher | 0.39 (0.19–0.81)* | 0.012 |
Husband's educational level | ||
 No formal education | Ref |  |
 Primary school | 0.66 (0.56–0.79)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Secondary school | 0.53 (0.42–0.68)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Higher | 0.45 (0.21–0.95)* | 0.037 |
Women's occupation | ||
 Not working | Ref |  |
 Professional or technical or managerial | 0.28 (0.15–0.52)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Agricultural | 0.88 (0.74–1.06) | 0.213 |
 Manual | 0.62 (0.48–0.82)** | 0.001 |
 Others | 0.78 (0.64–0.95)* | 0.016 |
Wealth index | ||
 Poorest | Ref |  |
 Poor | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) | 0.434 |
 Middle | 0.83 (0.70–0.99)* | 0.047 |
 Rich | 0.67 (0.56–0.81)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Richest | 0.52 (0.42–0.64)*** | p < 0.001 |
Reading of newspaper | ||
 No |  |  |
 Yes | 0.53 (0.39–0.73)*** | p < 0.001 |
Listening to radio | ||
 No |  |  |
 Yes | 0.83 (0.72–0.94)** | 0.006 |
Watching television | ||
 No |  |  |
 Yes | 0.72 (0.63–0.83)*** | p < 0.001 |
Place of residence | ||
 Urban | Ref |  |
 Rural | 1.55 (1.32–1.83)*** | p < 0.001 |
Decision making | ||
 No | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.90 (0.75–1.08) | 0.268 |
Wife beating attitude | ||
 Accept/justify | Ref |  |
 Disagree/Not justify | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 0.553 |
Family size | ||
 < 5 | Ref |  |
 5+ | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 0.556 |
Barriers to healthcare access | ||
 No | Ref |  |
 Yes | 1.14 (0.99–1.32) | 0.060 |
Improved sanitation | ||
 No | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.65 (0.56–0.76)*** | p < 0.001 |
Contraceptive use | ||
 No | Ref |  |
 Yes | 0.56 (0.47–0.67)*** | p < 0.001 |
Religion | ||
 Christian | Ref |  |
 Muslim | 1.43 (1.25–1.64)*** | p < 0.001 |
 Others | 0.92 (0.75–1.13) | 0.444 |
Parity | ||
 Zero | Ref |  |
 1–2 | 1.15 (0.90–1.46) | 0.242 |
 3–4 | 1.12 (0.87–1.43) | 0.358 |
 5+ | 1.16 (0.91–1.47) | 0.225 |