Table 2 Sub-group analysis of the effect of postnatal depression on infant health outcomes in Africa from 2007 to 2018

 The first one to six months

5

18,310

1.82 (1.54, 2.15), I² = 63.2%

 The first one to five years

6

3944

1.13 (0.94, 1.35), I² = 52.5%

 Longitudinal

5

20,784

1.38 (1.12, 1.69), I² = 85.2%

 Cross sectional

6

1470

2.32 (1.58, 3.40), I² = 50.5%

  < =384

6

1470

2.32 (1.49, 3.60), I² = 55.7%

  > 384

5

20,784

1.42 (1.16, 1.74), I² = 89.9%

 Diagnostic tool

3

16,968

1.75 (1.54, 2.00), I² = 31.7%

 Screening tool

8

5286

1.40 (1.13, 1.75), I² = 78.5%

 Odds ratio

5

1192

2.77 (1.72, 4.46), I² = 58.8%

 Relative risk

4

19,754

1.37 (1.09, 1.72), I² = 89.1%

 Hazard ratio

2

1308

1.44 (1.19, 1.74), I² = 0.0%