Table 2 Multivariable analysis of factors associated with poor TB treatment outcomes at Kilifi County from 2012 to 2019

Sex

  Male

^a

Reference

  Female

^a

0.83 (0.70–0.97)

0.02

Age in years

  18 to 30 years

^a

Reference

  31 to 40 years

^a

0.97 (0.80–1.19)

0.80

  41 to 50 years

^a

0.95 (0.75–1.20)

0.66

  51 + years

^a

1.26 (1.02–1.55)

0.03

Patient type

  New cases

^a

Reference

  Re-treatment cases

^a

1.57 (1.28–1.93)

<0.001

Nutrition status

  Undernourished

0.96 (0.86–1.07)

0.47

^a

  Normal BMI

Reference

^a

  Overweight

0.85 (0.73–0.98)

0.04

^a

HIV status

  HIV uninfected

Reference

Reference

  HIV infected on ARVS

1.08 (0.98–1.20)

0.13

1.65 (1.39–1.96)

<0.001

  HIV infected not on ARVS

1.72 (1.28–2.30)

<0.001

2.56 (1.39–4.72)

0.003

  Unknown HIV status

1.12 (0.74–1.68)

0.60

0.92 (0.34–2.46)

0.86

  Underlying conditions

^a

2.24 (1.41–3.54)

0.001

TB diagnosis

  Bacteriologically confirmed

^a

Reference

  Clinical signs

^a

0.82 (0.70–0.97)

0.02

Year of starting treatment

  2012

Reference

Reference

  2013

1.56 (1.20–2.02)

0.001

1.37 (0.95–1.98)

0.10

  2014

1.55 (1.22–1.96)

<0.001

1.67 (1.16–2.40)

0.005

  2015

1.58 (1.24–2.00)

<0.001

2.24 (1.57–3.20)

<0.001

  2016

1.40 (1.11–1.76)

0.004

3.06 (2.17–4.31)

<0.001

  2017

1.79 (1.42–2.25)

<0.001

2.80 (1.99–3.94)

<0.001

  2018

1.93 (1.55–2.39)

<0.001

2.48 (1.77–3.47)

<0.001

  2019

1.59 (1.27–1.99)

<0.001

2.30 (1.62–3.27)

<0.001

AUCs (95% CI)

0.60 (0.58–0.62)

0.64 (0.63–0.65)