Table 4 Results of the linear regression analyses examining the correlates of the number of chronic physical conditions and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension scores, Singapore, 2019-2020, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices study on diabetes 

B

95% CI

p

B

95% CI

p

 18-34

ref

ref

 35-49

1.78

1.23 – 2.33

<0.001

1.77

1.02 – 2.52

<0.001

 50-64

2.86

2.24 – 3.47

<0.001

2.38

1.47 – 3.28

<0.001

 65 and above

3.45

2.73 – 4.17

<0.001

3.41

2.20 – 4.63

<0.001

Gender

 Female

ref

ref

 Male

-1.50

-1.87 – -1.14

<0.001

-1.89

-2.42 – -1.35

<0.001

Ethnicity

 Chinese

ref

ref

 Malay

0.26

-0.20 – 0.72

0.27

0.45

-0.23 – 1.13

0.19

 Indian

2.54

2.09 – 2.98

<0.001

2.65

1.99 – 3.31

<0.001

 Others

0.67

-0.05 – 1.39

0.07

0.96

-0.07 – 1.98

0.07

Education

 Degree, professional certifications and above

ref

ref

 Primary and below

-1.99

-2.69 – -1.29

<0.001

-2.06

-3.23 – -0.88

0.001

 Secondary

-1.72

-2.31 – -1.12

<0.001

-1.42

-2.28 – -0.57

0.001

 Pre-U/Junior College

-0.39

-1.28 – 0.51

0.40

0.82

-0.48 – 2.11

0.22

 Vocational Institute/ITE

-1.42

-2.15 – -0.69

<0.001

-1.75

-2.77 – 0.73

0.001

 Diploma

-0.84

-1.40 – -0.27

0.004

-0.64

-1.42 – 0.13

0.11

Marital Status

 Married/Cohabiting

ref

ref

 Single

-0.28

-0.79 – 0.24

0.30

-0.17

-0.89 – 0.55

0.64

 Divorced/Separated/Widowed

-0.55

-1.16 – -0.07

0.08

-0.29

-1.41– 0.83

0.61

Employment

 Employed

ref

ref

 Economically inactive

0.45

-0.03 – 0.93

0.07

0.60

-0.16 – 1.37

0.12

 Unemployed

0.39

-0.44 – 1.23

0.35

0.35

-0.89 – 1.59

0.58

Personal Income (Monthly)

 Below 2,000/No income

ref

ref

 2,000-3,999

-0.30

-0.79 – 0.19

0.23

-0.10

-0.82 – 0.62

0.78

 4,000-5,999

-0.27

-0.92 – 0.38

0.42

-0.17

-1.11 – 0.77

0.73

 6,000-9,999

-0.03

-0.85 – 0.79

0.95

0.43

-0.76 – 1.61

0.48

 10,000 and above

0.13

-0.86 – 1.12

0.80

0.15

-1.41 – 1.71

0.85

BMI

 Normal range ≥ 18.5 & <25

ref

ref

 Underweight < 18.5

-0.14

-0.90 – 0.62

0.81

-0.41

-1.38 – 0.56

0.41

 Overweight ≥ 25 & <30.0

0.22

-0.18 – 0.63

0.27

0.65

0.04 – 1.25

0.05

 Obese ≥ 30.0

-0.17

-0.68 – 0.34

0.52

-0.16

-0.97 – 0.65

0.70

Classifications

 No chronic physical condition

ref

-

-

-

 One chronic physical condition

0.04

-0.38 – 0.46

0.84

-

-

-

 Two or more chronic physical conditions

0.14

-0.31 – 0.59

0.54

-

-

-

B

95% CI

p

B

95% CI

p

Age groups

 18-34

ref

ref

 35-49

1.54

0.45 – 2.63

0.01

2.90

1.52 – 4.27

<0.001

 50-64

2.87

1.67 – 4.07

<0.001

4.10

2.78 – 5.41

<0.001

 65 and above

4.19

2.76 – 5.63

<0.001

3.87

2.45 – 5.29

<0.001

Gender

 Female

ref

ref

 Male

-0.97

-1.71 – -0.22

0.01

-1.48

-2.19 – -0.77

<0.001

Ethnicity

 Chinese

ref

ref

 Malay

-0.47

-1.40 – 0.46

0.32

0.61

-0.27 – 1.49

0.18

 Indian

2.19

1.30 – 3.09

<0.001

2.61

1.78 – 3.44

<0.001

 Others

-0.35

-1.75 – 1.04

0.62

1.49

0.01 – 2.97

0.04

Education

 Degree, professional certifications and above

ref

ref

 Primary and below

-3.04

-4.39 – -1.69

<0.001

-1.04

-2.33 – 0.26

0.12

 Secondary

-2.35

-3.54 – -1.16

<0.001

-1.19

-2.41 – 0.03

0.06

 Pre-U/Junior College

-1.09

-2.85 – 0.68

0.23

-1.44

-3.25 – 0.38

0.12

 Vocational Institute/ITE

-1.22

-2.61 – 0.17

0.08

-0.76

-2.38 – 0.86

0.36

 Diploma

-1.51

-2.61 – -0.40

0.01

-0.22

-1.56 – 1.11

0.74

Marital Status

 Married/Cohabiting

ref

ref

 Single

-0.53

-1.60 – 0.54

0.33

-0.18

-1.28 – 0.91

0.74

 Divorced/Separated/Widowed

-0.66

-1.94 – 0.62

0.31

-0.68

-1.60 – 0.25

0.15

Employment

 Employed

ref

ref

 Economically inactive

0.26

-0.69 – 1.22

0.59

0.34

-0.55 – 1.23

0.45

 Unemployed

0.97

-0.81 – 2.74

0.29

-0.07

-1.56 – 1.43

0.93

Personal Income (Monthly)

 Below 2,000/No income

ref

ref

 2,000-3,999

-0.32

-1.27 – 0.63

0.51

-0.54

-1.49 – 0.41

0.26

 4,000-5,999

0.41

-0.85 – 1.67

0.52

-1.41

-2.79 – -0.04

0.04

 6,000-9,999

-0.12

-1.74 – 1.50

0.89

-0.59

-2.26 – 1.09

0.49

 10,000 and above

-0.66

-2.50 – 1.17

0.48

1.01

-0.82 – 2.85

0.28

BMI

 Normal range ≥ 18.5 & <25

ref

ref

 Underweight < 18.5

-0.12

-1.65 – 1.40

0.87

0.68

-1.37 – 2.73

0.52

 Overweight ≥ 25 & <30.0

0.21

-0.57 – 1.00

0.60

-0.44

-1.19 – 0.31

0.25

 Obese ≥ 30.0

0.85

-0.20 – 1.89

0.11

-1.06

-1.94 – 0.18

0.20

Classifications

 No chronic physical condition

-

-

-

-

-

-

 One chronic physical condition

-

-

-

-

-

-

 Two or more chronic physical conditions

-

-

-

-

-

-