Investigation of technical quality of antenatal and perinatal services in a nationally representative sample of health facilities in Nepal

Table 3 Determinants of better technical quality antenatal and perinatal care services in health facilities in Nepal (NHFS 2015)

Determinants	Categories	Quality score of facilities antenatal services		Quality score of facilities for perinatal services
		cOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	cOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Managed by	Public	1.00		1.00	1.00
	Private	0.96 (0.94, 0.99) ^**		1.18(1.08, 1.28) ^***	1.13(1.03, 1.23) ^***
Region	Terai	1.00		0.97(0.85, 1.10)
	Mountain	1.00(0.96, 1.04)		1.00
	Hill	0.99(0.95, 1.03)		1.05(0.92, 1.20)
Province	One	1.00	1.00	1.00
	Madhesh	0.97(0.94, 1.00) ^*	0.96(0.92, 0.99) ^*	0.88(0.76, 1.01)
	Bagmati	1.00(0.96, 1.03)	1.01(0.98, 1.05)	1.06(0.93, 1.21)
	Gandaki	1.04(1.00, 1.09) ^*	1.05(1.01, 1.10) ^*	0.95(0.81, 1.10)
	Lumbini	1.02(0.98,1.05)	1.01(0.98,1.05)	1.00(0.87, 1.16)
	Karnali	1.00(0.96, 1.04)	1.01(0.97, 1.06)	0.98(0.83, 1.15)
	Sudhur Paschim	1.00(0.97,1.04)	1.01(0.97, 1.04)	0.85(0.73, 0.99) *
Facility types	PHCCs and hospitals	1.00
	HPs and clinics	1.01(0.99,1.03)
Health facility capacity	Poor	1.00		1.00
	Medium	1.01(0.98, 1.03)		0.98 (0.89, 1.08)
	High	0.99(0.97, 1.02)		0.90(0.82, 1.05)
Health facility meeting	No	1.00		1.00
	Sometimes	0.99 (0.96,1.03)		0.96(0.81, 1.12)
	Monthly	0.98(0.95, 1.01)		0.97(0.86, 1.09)
Quality assurance activities	No	1.00		1.00
	Yes	1.01(0.98, 1.03)		0.99(0.91, 1.08)
Feedback collection	Yes	1.00		1.00
	No	0.98(0.96, 1.00)		0.92(0.83, 1.01)
Supervision of staff	No	1.00		1.00
	Yes	1.02(1.00,1.04)		0.93(0.85, 1.01)
Constant			1.81(1.73, 1.89) ^***		1.91 (1.61, 2.26) ^***
Observations			269	109
R-squared			0.12	0.29

^*** p < 0.001
^** p < 0.01
^* p < 0.05
^#These are separate models adjusting for covariates listed in the respective column. Variables which had p < 0.2 included in the final model of each outcome variable. Odds ratios were estimated after exponentiated (log transformed) β regression coefficients
^# Independent model for separate outcome variables. For antenatal care, the final multivariable linear regression explained 12.08% of the variation in health facility clinical quality for antenatal services (R-squared = 0.12). For perinatal care, the final multivariable linear regression explained 29% of the variation in health facility clinical quality for perinatal services (R-squared = 0.29)

ISSN: 2049-3258