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Table 5 Mean-based Shapley decomposition results

From: Inequality of opportunity in health service utilization among middle-aged and elderly community-dwelling adults in China

 

2013

2015

2018

Health Expenditures

Outpatient

Inpatient

Self-treatment

Outpatient

Inpatient

Self-treatment

Outpatient

Inpatient

Self-treatment

Demographics

(Age and gender)

1.61%

5.27%

1.85%

1.59%

4.54%

7.45%

3.69%

10.77%

2.62%

Circumstances

Urban/rural residence

5.57%

10.45%

6.11%

14.00%

13.22%

13.74%

14.59%

30.55%

6.57%

Basic medical insurance

0.10%

0.64%

0.05%

1.98%

0.71%

0.87%

0.01%

0.13%

0.09%

OOP ratio

40.68%

5.98%

7.00%

43.71%

15.24%

8.18%

40.94%

14.94%

13.42%

Distance

5.88%

17.33%

9.71%

22.31%

2.67%

8.62%

16.93%

9.60%

1.65%

Education

2.26%

4.66%

0.50%

5.53%

18.46%

2.44%

0.01%

0.65%

0.50%

Work Status

5.12%

24.40%

7.05%

0.93%

6.00%

5.16%

7.84%

19.26%

13.40%

Income

2.16%

9.10%

1.83%

0.86%

21.20%

0.44%

0.03%

2.53%

0.17%

Total

61.77%

72.56%

32.25%

89.32%

77.50%

39.45%

80.35%

77.66%

35.80%

Efforts

Health status

(Self-reported health status and chronic disease)

27.53%

12.99%

59.97%

2.98%

0.63%

43.58%

12.70%

8.94%

59.16%

Supplemental medical insurance

0.40%

2.65%

0.14%

2.72%

13.89%

0.02%

1.14%

1.29%

0.38%

Physical examination

8.68%

6.51%

5.80%

3.40%

3.44%

9.50%

2.12%

1.35%

2.03%

Total

36.61%

22.15%

65.91%

9.10%

17.96%

53.10%

15.96%

11.58%

61.57%

  1. Note: Demographics include age and gender. Health status includes self-reported health status and chronic disease